Small for Dates Flashcards
What is prematurity?
infants born before 36+6 weeks gestation
What can cause prematurity?
planned c section - severe pre eclampsia, kidney disease, PROM, poor fetal development
emergency event - placental abruption, infection, eclampsia
cervical incompetence
idiopathic
multiple pregnancy
What are the risk factors for prematurity?
low BMI smoking, cocaine 5) multiple pregnancy previous preterm labour uterine abnormalities
How is prematurity treated?
50% contractions cease spontaneously
speculum - rule out PROM
treat cause e.g. pyelonephritis
corticosteroids - fetal lung maturation
What is PROM?
premature rupture of membranes
What is the definition of small for gestational age?
<10th centile for their gestational age
What are the two types of SGA?
symmetrical
asymmetrical - head spared, small abdomen
What are the maternal causes for IUGR?
multiple preg malformation infection smoking DM, hypertension, anaemia preeclampsia heart or renal disease asthma
What are the placental causes for IUGR?
abruption
infarcts (secondary to hypertension)
head circumference usually spared - asymetrical
What are the risk factors for SGA?
>40 smoker, cocain use previous SGA baby maternal/paternal SGA pre eclampsia DM renal impairment
What are the antenatal and labour complications of SGA?
risk of hypoxia and death
What are the post natal complications of SGA?
hyperblirubinaemia
abnormal neurodevelopment
polycythaemia
hypothermia, hypoglycaemia
How is SGA diagnosed?
fundal height measuring
if IUGR suspected - sexual USS of head and abdomen circumference
What is the treatment of SGA?
monitor in labour - more susceptible to hypoxia
temp regulation after birth
treat hypoglycaemia
