Sleep Medicine

Question 1

REM sleep

Answer 1

rapid eye movement sleep

Question 2

Newborns need ….. hours sleep

Answer 2

16-18 hours

Question 3

6 months need …… hours sleep

Answer 3

14-15 hours

Question 4

2 years old need ……. hours sleep

Answer 4

12 hours

Question 5

assessment of sleep

Answer 5

polysomnography

direct behavioural observation

Question 6

OSAS

Answer 6

obstructive sleep apnoea

Question 7

OSAS

Answer 7

common in pre-school child

~2%

Question 8

Treatment of OSAS

Answer 8

weight loss

avoid tobacco (environmental smoke etc)

adenotonsillectomy

Question 9

Respiratory disorders that effect sleep

Answer 9

chronic neonatal lung disease (hyperaemia in REM sleep)

cystic fibrosis

asthma

Question 10

Neurologic disorders affecting sleep

Answer 10

cerebral palsy (fragmented sleep)

Down syndrome (OSAS)

parader-willi syndrome (excess daytime sleepiness)

Duchenne’s MD

Question 11

Duchennes MD

Answer 11

neuromuscular disease

death due to respiratory failure

nocturnal desaturation associated with an FVC of less than 1 litre

Question 12

OSAS

Answer 12

recurrent episodes of upper airway obstruction leading to apnoea during sleep

Question 13

OSAS is associated with

Answer 13

hypertension

increased risk of stroke

increased risk of heart disease

Question 14

OSAS prevalence

% men and women

Answer 14

2% men

1% women

Question 15

How is OSAS diagnosed?

Answer 15

clinical history and examination

epworth questionnaire

overnight sleep study

Question 16

Oximetry

Answer 16

measures oxygen saturation

Question 17

treatment for narcolepsy

Answer 17

modafinil

clomipramine

sodium oxybate

Question 18

narcolepsy clinical features

Answer 18

cataplexy

excessive daytime somnolence

hypnagogic hallucinations

sleep paralysis

Question 19

Chronic ventilatory failure

Answer 19

elevated PCO2

normal pH

elevated bicarbonate

Question 20

aetiology of chronic ventilatory failure

Answer 20

airways disease (COPD, OSA etc)

chest wall abnormalities

respiratory muscle weakness

central hypoventlation

Question 21

chronic ventilatory failure typical symptoms

Answer 21

SOB

orthopnoea

ankle swelling

morning headache

recurrent chest infections

disturbed sleep

Question 22

orthopneoa

Answer 22

SOB when lying flat

Question 23

somnolence

Answer 23

sleepiness