Developmental Aspects of Lung Disease

Question 1

5 stages of lung morphogenesis

Answer 1

embryonic 
pseudo-glandular
canalicular 
saccular
alveolar

Question 2

Stridor

Answer 2

high pitched wheezing sound made by obstruction of air flow or narrowing

originates from the larynx

Question 3

Tracheo-bronchomalacia

Answer 3

barking/seal-like cough

stridor/wheeze

Question 4

Common congenital lung diseases

Answer 4

pulmonary adenomatoid malformation

tracheo-bronchomalacia

Question 5

diaphragm totally formed (closure) at

Answer 5

18 weeks

Question 6

Diaphragmatic abnormalities

Answer 6

diaphragmatic hernia

eventration (abnormal elevation of diaphragm)

Question 7

Surfactant function

Answer 7

stabilises alveoli and promotes gas exchange

Question 8

Example of surfactant deficiency

Answer 8

hyaline membrane disease

Question 9

Antenatal ways of developing COPD

Answer 9

in utero nicotine exposure

fetal infection

maternal nutrition

low birth weight

Question 10

Post-natal

Answer 10

infection

growth

environmental pollution

vitamins etc

Question 11

growth is a major influence on

Answer 11

lung development

Question 12

pre-natal nicotine exposure can lead to

Answer 12

lung hypoplasia (underdeveloped tissue)

Reduced alveolarisation

Reduced Lung Function

Question 13

Chronic inflammation (asthma) can remodel lungs by

Answer 13

increased bronchial responsiveness

increased mucus secretion

airway oedema

airway narrowing