Sleep Flashcards
What are the two halves of a nights sleep?
> Core sleep
>Optional Sleep
What is core sleep?
> First 5 hours
Most deep (stage 3& 4)
Half REM sleep
What is optional sleep
> next 2+ hours
>stage 1 & 2
What is REM sleep
> Rapid eye movement
>High chance of dreaming
What did the bunker study show?
> Circadian rhythm> shifted by hour every night
>Biological rhythm 25hr
What developmental changes occur with sleep?
>Reduce total sleep time >Reduction %REM >Reduction in stage 3 & 4 >Mostly lost by 40 >Reduction in parasomnias
What is a circadian rhythm
> 24 hr cycle biological processes happen
What is a ultradian rhythm
> rhythm with frequency less than 24 hr
>Occurs repeatedly within 24 hr time period
How does sleep follow a ultradian rhythm?
> Stair case
>Repeats stages
What do we measure in sleep?
> Quality
Movements
EEG output
Dream content
What is latency?
> Time between setting a behaviour and initiation of that behaviour
When are dreams most likely to occur?
> x2 in REM
>6X longer & vivid
Characteristics of a dream
>Intensely visual >No smell, taste, pain >Movement >Bizarre/ illogical >Emotional >No awareness >Unremembered
Features of insomnia
> Delayed sleep onset
Disturbed sleep
Early morning waking
Insomnia causes?
> Psychological problems
Medical disorders
Social environment
Insomnia treatment
> Hypnotic drugs
Sleep education
Sleep hygiene
Dealing with tension/ intrusive thoughts
What is Nacrolepsy?
> Triggered by emotion
Feature of Nacrolepsy
> Sleep attack
Cataplexy (Paralysis of voluntary muscles)
Sleep paralysis
Vivid sleep-onset dreams
What is Sleep paralysis
Hallucinations >Conscious, eye open, cannot move Ongoing sleeping and waking REM sleep intrusion 20-60% experience once in life
What did Randy Gardner do?
> 265hr (11 days) no sleep
What symptoms did Randy Gardner show on day 2
> Difficulty focusing eyes
Insomnia prevalence
30%
Prevalence of Nacrolepsy
0.15%
What symptoms did Randy Gardner show on day 5?
> Irritable
Uncooperative
Memory lapses
Problems concentrating
What symptoms did Randy Gardner show in day 9?
> Fragmented thought patterns
Blurred vision
Major memory lapses
What percentage of lost sleep did Randy Gardner regain?
> 24%
What % of each stage of sleep did randy gardner regain?
> Stage 1 & 2: 7%
Stage 4: 68%
REM : 54%
What function is most effected by lost sleep?
> Cortical region
How many nights sleep does our reserve capacity cover?
> 1
In summary what fraction of sleep in recovered and what stages are prioritised?
> 1/3
>stage 4 & REM
