Consciousness Flashcards
What is the continuum of consciousness
Focused alertness–> daydreaming—> coma
Name 4 altered states of consciousness
> sleep & dreams
Psychoactive drugs
Meditation
Hypnosis
How do we know there are altered states?
> Can describe subjective experience
>Can measure objectively
What is vegetation?
> Unresponsive body
>Unresponsive brainq
What is locked in syndrome?
> Brain functioning
>Unresponsive body
Why do we have no definition on consciousness?
> Mind vs Body dualism
>Subjective vs objective
What is monitoring?
> Attention> you experience what you attend to
What is controlling?
> Plan, initiate & guide actions
Why is monitoring incomplete?
> Inattentional blindness
What is a hard problem?
How physical processes of brain give rise to subjective experiences
Who came up with the hard problem?
Chalmers 1994
What are the dominant and popular views of consciousness
> Monitoring
Controlling
Conscious/ unconscious actions
What is subliminal perception
> Stimuli below conscious perceptive threshold
advertising
What is thought supression
> After while pops into head
>more you suppress more likely to pop back
What is the Stroop affect?
Say colour instead of word
How are Psychoactive drugs classified?
> Behavioural affects
What are the 4 classifications?
> Sedatives & Hypnotics
Stimulants
Opiates
Hallucinogens & Psychedelics
What do Hallucinations contains?
>Patterns >Predictable colour change >Constants >Delusions >Emotional chnages
What are the 4 constants of a hallucination
> Spiral
Cobweb
Tunnel
Lattice
What are delusions
> Merging with surroundings
What are the 2 main forms of meditation?
> Concentrative / one-point meditation
>Open meditation
What is concentrative / one point meditation?
> Focus on one thing
What is open meditation?
> Aware of all surroundings
>mindfulness
What are the 2 experiences f hypnosis?
> Altered consciousness
>Period of focused attention
What % experience altered consciousness?
> 40%
What % experience period of intense focus
> 60%
Describe period of intense focus
> State of social compliance & suggestibility
>Heightened compliance
How did Kilstrom describe hypnosis in 1985?
> Social interaction one person responds to suggestion of other
alterations in perception, memory, voluntary action
Subjective conviction bordering on delusion
Involuntariness bordering in compulsion
How did Halgard describe the affect of altered consciousness on induced deafness?
> Hidden observer
What are negative hallucinations ?
> Fail to perceive something
What are negative hallucinations used for?
> Pain relief
What are positive hallucinations
> See/ hear something not present
How does hypnosis in pain relief work?
> Sensation must be recognised first
know what to ignore
Aware of other sensations in body
Can be suggested not to feel pain after hypnotic state
Clinical hypnosis for pain relief
> Moderate evidence
>Not standard analgesia
