Consciousness

Question 1

What is the continuum of consciousness

Answer 1

Focused alertness–> daydreaming—> coma

Question 2

Name 4 altered states of consciousness

Answer 2

> sleep & dreams
Psychoactive drugs
Meditation
Hypnosis

Question 3

How do we know there are altered states?

Answer 3

> Can describe subjective experience

>Can measure objectively

Question 4

What is vegetation?

Answer 4

> Unresponsive body

>Unresponsive brainq

Question 5

What is locked in syndrome?

Answer 5

> Brain functioning

>Unresponsive body

Question 6

Why do we have no definition on consciousness?

Answer 6

> Mind vs Body dualism

>Subjective vs objective

Question 7

What is monitoring?

Answer 7

> Attention> you experience what you attend to

Question 8

What is controlling?

Answer 8

> Plan, initiate & guide actions

Question 9

Why is monitoring incomplete?

Answer 9

> Inattentional blindness

Question 10

What is a hard problem?

Answer 10

How physical processes of brain give rise to subjective experiences

Question 11

Who came up with the hard problem?

Answer 11

Chalmers 1994

Question 12

What are the dominant and popular views of consciousness

Answer 12

> Monitoring
Controlling
Conscious/ unconscious actions

Question 13

What is subliminal perception

Answer 13

> Stimuli below conscious perceptive threshold

advertising

Question 14

What is thought supression

Answer 14

> After while pops into head

>more you suppress more likely to pop back

Question 15

What is the Stroop affect?

Answer 15

Say colour instead of word

Question 16

How are Psychoactive drugs classified?

Answer 16

> Behavioural affects

Question 17

What are the 4 classifications?

Answer 17

> Sedatives & Hypnotics
Stimulants
Opiates
Hallucinogens & Psychedelics

Question 18

What do Hallucinations contains?

Answer 18

>Patterns
>Predictable colour change 
>Constants
>Delusions
>Emotional chnages

Question 19

What are the 4 constants of a hallucination

Answer 19

> Spiral
Cobweb
Tunnel
Lattice

Question 20

What are delusions

Answer 20

> Merging with surroundings

Question 21

What are the 2 main forms of meditation?

Answer 21

> Concentrative / one-point meditation

>Open meditation

Question 22

What is concentrative / one point meditation?

Answer 22

> Focus on one thing

Question 23

What is open meditation?

Answer 23

> Aware of all surroundings

>mindfulness

Question 24

What are the 2 experiences f hypnosis?

Answer 24

> Altered consciousness

>Period of focused attention

Question 25

What % experience altered consciousness?

Answer 25

> 40%

Question 26

What % experience period of intense focus

Answer 26

> 60%

Question 27

Describe period of intense focus

Answer 27

> State of social compliance & suggestibility

>Heightened compliance

Question 28

How did Kilstrom describe hypnosis in 1985?

Answer 28

> Social interaction one person responds to suggestion of other
alterations in perception, memory, voluntary action
Subjective conviction bordering on delusion
Involuntariness bordering in compulsion

Question 29

How did Halgard describe the affect of altered consciousness on induced deafness?

Answer 29

> Hidden observer

Question 30

What are negative hallucinations ?

Answer 30

> Fail to perceive something

Question 31

What are negative hallucinations used for?

Answer 31

> Pain relief

Question 32

What are positive hallucinations

Answer 32

> See/ hear something not present

Question 33

How does hypnosis in pain relief work?

Answer 33

> Sensation must be recognised first
know what to ignore
Aware of other sensations in body
Can be suggested not to feel pain after hypnotic state

Question 34

Clinical hypnosis for pain relief

Answer 34

> Moderate evidence

>Not standard analgesia