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Psychiatry > Sleep > Flashcards

Sleep Flashcards

1
Q

Sleep is NREM 75% of the time T/F

A

T

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2
Q

Alpha waves predominate when the eyes are open T/F

A

F awake is beta waves

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3
Q

Which type of brainwaves predominate when?

A 
Awake eyes open - beta
Awake eyes closed - alpha
N1/Stage 1 - theta 
N2/Stage 2 - sleep spindles & K complexes
N3/ Stages 3&4 - delta “slow wave sleep”
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4
Q

When after falling asleep does REM usually occur?

A

After 90 minutes

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5
Q

Which part of the brain is crucial for REM sleep?

A

The pons

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6
Q

REM sleep mostly occurs when in the sleep period?

A

Last 1/3

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7
Q

Insomnia disorder has to persist for how long in DSM V?

A

Three nights a week for three months

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8
Q

Insomnia disorder affects men more than women T/F

A

F women predominate

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9
Q

Prevalence of insomnia disorder in a) adults and b) elderly

A

a) 6-10% gen pop, b) 25% elderly

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10
Q

Most insomnia disorder has a sudden onset precipitated by a stressor T/F

A

T

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11
Q

Strongest RF for insomnia

A

Previous insomnia

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12
Q

Having a regular waking time strengthens circadian synchrony T/F

A

T

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13
Q

Having a light bedtime snack can promote sleep by reducing hypoglycaemia T/F

A

T

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14
Q

In sleep restriction bedtime is constant and wake time are adjusted T/F

A

F it’s the other way round

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15
Q

Pharmacological therapy is only indicated for short term insomnia less than 2/52 T/F

A

T

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16
Q

Zopiclone is a benzodiazepine receptor agonist T/F

A

T

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17
Q

There is an association between hypersomnolence and Raynauds T/F

A

T apparently

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18
Q

What is the gold standard measure of daytime sleepiness?

A

The MLST multiple sleep latency test

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19
Q

Modafinil can be used to treat hypersomnolence disorder T/F

A

T less potential for abuse. 100-400mg qam

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20
Q

In Kleine-Levin syndrome periods of sleepiness are associated with what?

A

Disinhibition, derealisation, hypersexuality, compulsive overeating, poss irritability and confusion in some

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21
Q

K-L syndrome is M:F = 3:1 T/F

A

T

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22
Q

K-L syndrome shows familial aggregation T/F

A

F

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23
Q

Narcolepsy definition

A

Recurrent periods of irrepressible need to sleep, or napping in the same day, 3/week for 3/12

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24
Q

DSM V criteria for narcolepsy (3)

A
  1. Cataplexy at least a few a month
  2. Hypocretin deficiency measured by CSF Hypocretin (it can’t be due to brain injury, inflammation or infection
  3. Nocturnal sleep PSG demonstrates REM latency
25
Q

Dreaming in narcoleptic sleep attacks is rare T/F

A

F it’s the norm

26
Q

Cataplexy in narcolepsy is usually a presenting feature T/F

A

F it usually starts several years after the sleepiness onset

27
Q

In cataplexy full consciousness and alertness is preserved during the episode T/F

A

T

28
Q

Cataplexy is usually triggered by strong emotions T/F

A

T

29
Q

Prev of hypnogogic and hypnopompic hallucinations in the genpop

A

10-15%

30
Q

Sleep paralysis affects 20-60% of narcoleptics T/F

A

T

31
Q

Narcolepsy prevalence

A

0.02-0.04%, poss slight male preponderance

32
Q

Which HLA marker do almost all narcoleptics have?

A

HLA-DQB1*0602

33
Q

Gold standard for diagnosis of narcolepsy

A

CSF Hypocretin

34
Q

In narcolepsy paralysis/ hallucinations and cataplexy can be treated with what?

A

REM suppressants like TCAs and SSRIs

35
Q

You need PSG to diagnose OSA T/F

A

T

36
Q

OSA diagnostic criteria

A

Either 1) PSG évidence of 5 episodes/hour of apnea with breathing disturbances or 2) PSG 15 episodes/ hour with no sx

37
Q

OSA has a strong genetic basis T/F

A

T

38
Q

Define NREM sleep arousal disorder according to DSM

A

Recurrent episodes of incomplete awakening from sleep, usu in the first 1/3 of sleep, accompanied by one of the following: 1) sleepwalking 2) sleep terrors

39
Q

NREM sleep arousal disorders are usually accompanied by amnesia T/F

A

T

40
Q

Peak prevalence of sleep walking

A

4-8 years

41
Q

Sleepwalking F>M in childhood and M>F in adulthood T/F

A

T

42
Q

80% of sleepwalkers/terrors have a family history T/F

A

T

43
Q

Sleepwalking in adults is associated with MDE and OCD T/F

A

T

44
Q

Nightmares occur during REM T/F

A

T

45
Q

Treatment for PTSD nightmares

A

Prazosin

46
Q

Image rehearsal therapy is a treatment for nightmares T/F

A

T

47
Q

What is this: repeated episodes of arousal during REM sleep associated with vocalisations and/or complex (often violent) motor behaviours

A

REM sleep behaviour disorder

48
Q

RSBD most common in whom?

A

Old men

49
Q

Diagnostic test for RSBD

A

Polysomnography

50
Q

Things associated with restless leg syndrome

A
  1. Anemia/ low iron stores
  2. Pregnancy
  3. Renal failure
  4. Rheumatoid arthritis
  5. Diabetes
  6. Thyroid abnormalities
  7. Peripheral nerve dysfunction
  8. Alcohol, caffeine, nicotine
  9. Most antidepressants, antipsychotics and antihistamines
51
Q

There is a family history in 50-90% of cases of restless leg syndrome T/F

A

T

52
Q

Alcohol decreases sleep latency T/F

A

T

53
Q

Chronic alcohol is associated with increased SL sleep T/F

A

T

54
Q

Depression is associated with reduced rem latency T/F

A

T

55
Q

MDE is associated with increased REM density T/F

A

T

56
Q

Reduced slow wave sleep and REM in dementia T/F

A

T

57
Q

According to Freud what is the name of the phenomenon when one’s dream object stands for several associations and ideas?

A

Condensation

58
Q

Chronic alcohol is associated with decreased REM T/F

A

T

Psychiatry (27 decks)

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