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Psychiatry > Child & Adolescent > Flashcards

Child & Adolescent Flashcards

1
Q

Peak severity of tic disorders

A

10-12 years

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2
Q

Long face, large ears, flat midface, high, arched palate, short stature, macro-orchidism, mitral valve prolapse, joint laxity, strabismus - name the disorder

A

Fragile X

FMR1 trinucleotide repeat expansion

X-linked with anticipation

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3
Q

The insecure-avoidant attachment child does what when mother returns? #Ainsworth

A

Doesn’t cry when she leaves and ignores her when she gets back

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4
Q

What does the insecure-ambivalent child do when mum comes back in the room? #Ainsworth

A

Takes a long time to settle, both approaches and resists mother

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5
Q

Not crying when mum leaves room is suggestive of attachment disorder T/F #Ainsworth

A

F, securely attached kids don’t always cry

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6
Q

diGeorge syndrome is associated with platelet dysfunction T/F

A

T

12% have thrombocytopenia

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7
Q

Short, obese, early onset dementia, hypogonadism, hyperphagia, maybe ASD

A 
Prader-Willi
It's sporadic
c15
25% early dementia
25% ASD
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8
Q

Intellectual disability is a risk factor for tardive dyskinesia T/F

A

T

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9
Q

Percentage of people with intellectual disability in institutionalised populations who have epilepsy

A

30-40% apparently

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10
Q

Webbed neck, ovarian failure, cubitus valgus, short, aortic valve abnormalities, normal IQ

A

Turners

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11
Q

What ages developmentally- hopping and skipping

A

Hopping at 4, skipping at 5

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12
Q

What did Harlow’s monkeys struggle to be able to do in adulthood?

A

Mate, and the female monkeys couldn’t rear their young

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13
Q

What is mean age of first word?

A

11 months

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14
Q

A child should be able to run well by what age?

A

Two years

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15
Q

Jumping at what age?

A

Three years

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16
Q

Riding a bicycle at what age?

A

Six years

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17
Q

When is Piaget’s concrete operational stage?

A

Six onwards

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18
Q

What is the name of the stages children are in between two and seven years according to Piaget?

A

Preoperational—

No logic, use of symbols, development of language and make-believe

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19
Q

Which Piagetan stage is characterised by abstract thought and reasoning and when is it possible to enter it?

A

Formal operational, after the age of 11 years

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20
Q

What did Erik Erikson say characterises the normative task of adolescence?

A

Identity vs role confusion

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21
Q

The core features of ASD in DSM V

A
  1. Persistent deficits in social communication and interaction
  2. Restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests & activities

—Language has been removed

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22
Q

Around 50% of Tourette’s patients are co-morbid with what?

A

ADHD, and 40% OCD

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23
Q

You need at least one of these types of tic for a diagnosis of Tourette’s

A

Vocal

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24
Q

The two types of behavioural intervention that are first line treatments for Tourette’s

A
  1. Habit reversal

2. Exposure & response prevention

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25
Q

How old does a child have to be to be diagnosed with pica according to DSM V?

A

Two years because kids younger than this try to eat everything anyway

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26
Q

What is usually the typical course of pica?

A

It usually only lasts for a few months and then remits spontaneously

27
Q

Second line therapies for tics (2)

A

Risperidone and aripiprazole

28
Q

Method of inheritance tuberous sclerosis

A

Autosomal dominant

29
Q

Children are pre-programmed to form attachments when they are born, according to who?

A

Bowlby’s attachment theory

30
Q

According to Bowlby food is a key component of attachment T/F

A

F care and responsiveness not food

31
Q

According to Bowlby a child has an innate need to attach to ONE main attachment figure (usually the mother) T/F

A

T

32
Q

A child should be able to run around on tip toes by what age?

A

Five years

33
Q

At what age should a child be able to copy a cross and a circle?

A

Three years

34
Q

At what age should a child be able to alternate their feet walking up the stairs?

A

Three years

35
Q

What are Erikson’s stages of human development (8)?

A
  1. basic trust vs. mistrust (0 to 1)
  2. autonomy vs. shame and doubt (1 to 2); toilet training
  3. initiative vs. guilt (2 to 6)
  4. industry vs. inferiority (6 to 12); elementary school
  5. identity vs. role confusion (12 to 18); high school
  6. intimacy vs. isolation (19 to 40)
  7. generativity vs. stagnation (40 to 65)
  8. integrity vs. despair (65 to death)
36
Q

Which of Piaget’s stages is this? - Abstract symbolic powers begin; learning is by logic; relies on concepts and theories

A

Concrete Operational (8-11)

37
Q

The major cause of intellectual disability caused by maternal infection

A

Rubella

38
Q

An acquired form of intellectual disability in children with fair hair & blue eyes + mode of inheritance

A

Phenylketonuria- autosomal recessive

39
Q

A syndrome associated with intellectual impairment and increase in production of uric acid and hyperuricemia

A

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome

40
Q

Category of intellectual disability of someone with limited spoken language in terms of vocabulary and grammar and who requires support for all activities of daily living

A

Severe

41
Q

What is this: a consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behaviour towards adult caregivers manifested by both of the following: 1) the child rarely or minimally seeks comfort when distressed 2) the child rarely or minimally responds to comfort when distressed

A

Reactive attachment disorder

42
Q

Social neglect - ie the absence of adequate caregiving during childhood - is a diagnostic requirement for both reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder T/F

A

T

43
Q

In reactive attachment disorder the disturbance has to have been apparent before the age of five years T/F

A

T

44
Q

In reactive attachment disorder the child has to have attained a developmental age of at least 9 months T/F

A

T

45
Q

Reactive attachment disorder is common in children in foster homes or institutions T/F

A

F it’s uncommon even in these populations. The majority of neglected children do not develop these disorders (DSM V)

46
Q

What is the disorder: a pattern of behaviour in which a child actively approaches and interacts with unfamiliar adults and the child has been neglected

A

Disinhibited social engagement disorder

47
Q

For a diagnosis of intellectual disability in DSM V you have to have deficits in intellectual functioning and deficits in adaptive functioning and they both have to have arisen in the developmental period T/F

A

T

48
Q

Recurrence risk of fragile X syndrome

A

Up to 50%

49
Q

Fragile X syndrome is associated with anticipation T/F

A

T

50
Q

Prader Willi syndrome is a deletion in the maternal c15 and Angelmans is a deletion in the paternal c15 T/F

A

T

51
Q

Motor milestones are affected in expressive language disorder in kids T/F

A

T

52
Q

Minimum age for a DSM V diagnosis of enuresis

A

5

53
Q

You have to be under what age for a DSM V diagnosis of Tourette’s

A

18

54
Q

At which age must childhood disintegrative disorder be diagnosed

A

10

55
Q

Age for DSM encopresis

A

4

56
Q

Mania in adolescence more likely to be associated with psychotic symptoms T/F

A

T

57
Q

Five year recurrence rate in adolescent depression

A

70% (and it’s 40% at two years

58
Q

Percentage of adolescents with CD that progress to ASPD

A

40%

59
Q

Language disorders are highly heritable T/F

A

T

60
Q

Children with insecure attachments demonstrate inhibited pretend play T/F

A

T

61
Q

Symptoms have to have appeared before which age for a diagnosis of ADHD?

A

12

62
Q

What is the gold standard assessment tool for direct assessment of symptoms in Autism?

A

The ADOS - autism diagnostic observation scale

It involves a 40 minute semistructured interaction

The ADI is used in research but has a 40-item parent questionnaire offshoot called the SCQ Social Communication Questionnaire

63
Q

DMDD predicts what at 2 and 20 year F/U?

A

MDE

64
Q

DMDD cannot coexist with which other disorders according to DSM 5?

A
  1. ODD
  2. IED
  3. Bipolar

Psychiatry (27 decks)

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