Skull osteology-Facial bones Flashcards
how many bones does the face have
14
what are the 14 bones of the face
2 maxilla 2 zygomatic bones 2 lacrimal bones 2 palatine bones 2 nasal bones 2 inferior nasal conchae 1 vomer 1 mandible
how many immovable facial bones are there
what is the movable bone of the face
13
mandible bone of the lower jaw
what does the facial skeleton provide
attachments for muscles of mastication and expression
the maxillary bones form what
- upper jaw
- hard palate (formed anteriorly by fusing of the palatine processes ad posteriorly by the palatine bones)
- floor of the orbits
- sides of the nasal cavity
- house for the upper teeth (alveolar process)
- maxillary sinuses (largest sinuses in skull)
what landmarks can you find on the maxillary bones
inferior orbital fissure
infraorbital foramen -a hole below the orbit for blood vessels and nerves
alveolar process -arch of the maxilla containing the upper teeth
palantine process -a horizontal projection of the maxilla forming the anterior 3/4 of the hard palate
whats the maxilla
largest bones of the face except for the mandible and form the upper jaw
what does the maxilla do
hold the upper teeth and connects on the right and left to the zygomatic bones (cheek bones)
the maxilla forms the boundaries for what 3 cavities
the roof of the mouth
floor and lateral wall of the nose
floor of the orbit
what landmarks are on the zygomatic bones
temporal process
zygomatic arch
where is the zygomatic bone situated
upper and lateral part of face
what do the zygomatic bones form
the prominence of the cheek
part of the lateral wall
floor of the orbit
what does the zygomatic bone articulate with
zygomatic arch of the temporal bone
were is the ethmoid bone
in front of sphenoid
what are landmarks of the ethmoid bone
cribriform plates- hold it together
perpendicular plate- goes downward into nasal cavity & forms nasal septum
superior and middle nasal conchae- coils/folds of bone that project inward into the nasal cavity
ethmoidal sinuses
crista galli- projects into cranial cavity and provides upward attachment for membranes around the brain
what does the inferior nasal conchae do
increase surface area in the nasal cavity
warm air
inferior nasal conchae forms part of what
lateral walls of nasal cavity
whats the vomer bone
its one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull
where is the vomer bone located
what bones does the vomer bone touch
midsagittal line
the sphenoid, ethmoid, left and right palatine bones and the right and left maxillary bones
what are the lacrimal bones
smallest and most fragile bones of the face
where are the lacrimal bones situated
front part of the medial of the orbit
what do the lacrimal bones contain
lacrimal sac and the naso-lacrimal duct
describe the palatine bones
are posterolateral walls of the nasal cavity
form small parts of the orbits
form the posterior 1/3 of the hard palate via horizontal P
describe the vomer bone
is plow shaped
forms lower part of nasal septum
palatine bones contribute to the walls of what 3 cavities
the floor and lateral wall of the nasal cavity
roof of the mouth
floor of the orbit
whats then mandible
largest and strongest bone of the face
what does the mandible do
forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place
what does the mandible consist of
a curved horizontal portion
body
2 perpendicular portions
rami which unite the ends of the body nearly at right angles
what are the landmarks of the mandible
body- curved horizontal portion of the mandible
rami- 2 upward projections of bone that are perpendicular to the body of the mandible
angle of the mandible- angle formed where the body meets the ramus
condylar process- a condyle on the posterior portion of the ramus that articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
coronoid process- a sharp projection of bone on the anterior portion of the ramus that acts as a point of muscle attachment
alveolar process- arch of bone containing the lower teeth
mental foramen- a small hole on the side of the body for blood vessels and nerves
hyoid bone is made up of
greater horn
lesser horn
body
what bone does the hyoid bone articulate with
none
what does the hyoid bone do
supports the tongue
provides attachment sites for some tongue muscles, muscles of the neck and pharynx
helps keep the larynx open at all times