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MBBS2/ANATOMY~HEAD & NECK > Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses > Flashcards

Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards

1
Q

nasal cavities open on face through what

A

nostrils/ nares

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2
Q

nasal cavities open posteriorly to nasopharynx through

A

choanae

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3
Q

what is a vestibule

A

dilation inside aperture of each nostril

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4
Q

nasal cavity is lined by

A

skin with hairs
sebaceous glands
sweat glands

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5
Q

whats a meatus

A

a passageway

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6
Q

whats a conchae

A

a structure shaped like a shell

(can be part of the ethmoid bone/ a separate bone)

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7
Q

what bones forms the roof of the nasal cavity

A

nasal
frontal
ethmoid (cribriform plate)
sphenoid (body)

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8
Q

what does the cribriform plate transmit

A

olfactory nerves

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9
Q

what forms the floor of the nasal cavity

A

palatine processes of maxillary bones and horizontal plate of palatine bone

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10
Q

what does the floor of the nasal cavity contain

A

incisive foramen

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11
Q

what does the incisive foramen transmit

A

nasopalatine nerve

sphenopalatine artery

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12
Q

what forms the medial wall (nasal septum) of the nasal cavity

A

septal cartilage

perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

vomer

process of palatine, maxillary, frontal, sphenoid and nasal bones

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13
Q

what forms the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

nasal bone

frontal process and nasal surface of maxilla

lacrimal bone

perpendicular plate of palatine bone

medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

superior and inferior concha of ethmoid bone

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14
Q

what structures are contained on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity

A

sphenoethmoidal recess

superior meatus

middle meatus

inferior meatus

sphenopalatine foramen

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15
Q

what opening is at the sphenoethmoidal recess

A

opening of sphenoid sinus

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16
Q

what opening is at the superior meatus

A

opening of posterior ethmoidal air cells

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17
Q

what opening is at the middle meatus

A

opening of frontal sinuses into infundibulum

opening of middle ethmoidal sinuses into ethmoidal bulla

openings of anterior ethmoidal air cells and maxillary sinus in the hiatus semilunaris

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18
Q

what opening is at the inferior meatus

A

opening of nasolacrimal duct

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19
Q

what opening is at the sphenopalatine foramen

A

opening of the pterygopalatine fossa

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20
Q

what does the sphenopalatine foramen transmit

A

sphenopalatine artery

nasopalatine nerve

21
Q

the vestibule is bound by what

what lines the vestibule

A

alar plate

skin and hairs

22
Q

the respiratory region consist of what part of the nasal cavity

A

lower third of nasal cavity

23
Q

what does the respiratory region do

A

warms, moistens and filters air with mucous membrane

24
Q

the olfactory region of the nasal cavity consists of what

A

superior nasal concha
upper third of nasal septum

25
Q

what innervates the olfactory region and what do the nerves do

A

olfactory nerves- which convey sense of smell to olfactory bulb through cribriform plate of ethmoid bone

26
Q

whats the blood supply to the nasal cavity

A

opthalmic artery-through anterior and posterior branches of ethmoidal arteries on lateral wall

posterior lateral nasal and posterior septal branches of sphenopalatine artery of maxillary artery

facial artery- through septal branch of superior labial artery and nasal branch

27
Q

lymphatic of the nasal cavity drain into

A

submandibular nodes

retropharyngeal nodes

deep cervical nodes then into jugular trunks

28
Q

whats the nerve supply to the nasal cavity

A

olfactory nerve

ophthalmic nerve

maxillary nerve via pterygopalatine ganglion

infraorbital nerve

29
Q

paranasal sinuses consist of

A

ethmoidal sinus

frontal

maxillary

sphenoidal

30
Q

where do paranasal sinuses open into

A

meatuses of lateral nasal wall

sphenoethmoid recess

31
Q

what do ethmoidal sinuses have

A

ethmoidal air cells

32
Q

where are ethmoidal air cells

A

within ethmoidal labyrinth between orbit and nasal cavity

33
Q

ethmoidal sinuses can be subdivided into what and do they drain into

A

posterior ethmoidal air cells- which drains into superior nasal meatus

middle ethmoidal air cells- which drain into summit of ethmoidal bulla of middle nasal meatus

anterior ethmoidal air cells- which drain into a curved fissure hiatus semilunaris of middle nasal meatus

34
Q

where do the frontal sinuses lie

A

frontal bone

35
Q

where do the frontal sinuses open into

A

hiatus semilunaris of middle nasal meatus through frontal nasal duct (infundibulum)

36
Q

frontal sinuses are innervated by

A

supraorbital branch of the ophthalmic nerve

37
Q

what are the largest sinuses

A

maxillary

38
Q

where do the maxillary sinuses lie

A

in maxillary bone lateral to nasal cavity and inferior to floor of orbit

39
Q

maxillary sinuses open into

A

posterior aspect of hiatus semilunaris of middle nasal meatus

40
Q

where do sphenoidal sinus lie

A

sphenoid bone

41
Q

where does the sphenoidal sinus open

A

into sphenoethmoidal recess of nasal cavity

42
Q

what innervates the sphenoidal sinus

A

maxillary nerve

43
Q

what lies above the sphenoidal sinus

A

pituitary gland

44
Q

sphenoidal sinus can be surgically reached through what

A

trans-sphenoidal approach

45
Q

whats a sneeze and this reflex is caused by what

A

its involuntary expulsion of air through mouth and nose

branches of maxillary nerve

46
Q

whats an epistaxis

A

nose bleed from rupture of blood nasal vessels like the sphenopalatine artery

47
Q

whats maxillary sinusitis

A

its where an infection spreads from the sinus to the upper teeth causing toothache

48
Q

what can nasal polyps from sinuses do when they are inflamed

A

project into nasal cavity and fill nasopharynx

49
Q

whats rhinoplasty

A

type of plastic surgery that changes shape and size of nose

MBBS2/ANATOMY~HEAD & NECK (13 decks)

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