Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBBS2/ANATOMY~HEAD & NECK > Skull Osteology > Flashcards

Skull Osteology Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the skull

A

cranium + mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what 2 parts make up the cranium

A

-neurocranium
-viscerocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

skull bones are organized into

A

-cranial
-facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

whats the function of cranial bones

A

-theyre the site for head muscle attachment
-encase brain and particular sense organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

whats the function of facial bones

A

-site for facial muscle attachment
-contain cavities for particular sense organs i.e. gustation, olfaction, vision
-form the framework for the face
-contain openings for air and food passage
-secure teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the neurocranium can be divided into

A

calvaria & cranial base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the calvaria forms what aspects of the skull and forehead

A

the superior, lateral, posterior aspects of the skull and the forehead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

calvaria looks like

A

dome shaped roof (skullcap)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the cranial base forms what

A

floor of the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the cranial base consists of what bones

A

ethmoid, sphenoid and parts of the temporal and occipital bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

whats a cranial cavity

A

its the cavity covered by the calvaria and cranial base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what cavities are in the skull

A

-cranial (contains brain)
-orbits (contains eyeballs)
-nasal ( contains paranasal sinuses)
-middle and inner ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are depressions and openings of the cranium

A

-fissure
-foramen
-fossa
-sulcus
-meatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

whats a fissure

whats a foramen

whats a fossa

whats a sulcus

whats a meatus

A

-a narrow opening between adjacent parts of bones for nerves and vessels

-a hole/opening

-a shallow depression

-a groove

-a tubelike passageway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

whats a suture

A

connections (joints) between bones of skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where can you find sutures

A

at all bones of the skull except mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the cranial bone sutures

A

-coronal
-sagittal
-squamous
-lambdoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

how are sutures of facial bones named

A

based on name of bones that are connected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are fetal bones like at birth

A

unfused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

fetal skull bones are joined by

A

membranes called fontanelle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

whats a fontanelle

A

area of fibrous tissue membrane separating the bones of the calvaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are major fontanelles

A

-anterior
-posterior
-anterolateral (sphenoidal)
-posterolateral (mastoid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what do fontanelles allow for

why do infants have open fontanelles

A

rapid stretching and deformation of the neurocranium as the brain expands faster than the surrounding bones grow

to allow for brain growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what 6 fontanelles are present at birth

A

-anterior (1)
-posterior (1)
-mastoid (2)
-sphenoid (2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

whats the shape of anterior fontanelle

A

diamond/ rhomboid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

where is anterior fontanelle located

A

junction of the sagittal, coronal and frontal sutures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

anterior fontanelle is the future site of

A

bregma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

when does the anterior fontanelle close (ossify)

A

18 months of age

29
Q

what forms the posterior fontanelle

A

junction of 3 suture lines i.e. sagittal suture anteriorly and lambdoid suture on either side

30
Q

shape of posterior fontanelle

A

triangular

31
Q

when does posterior fontanelle close

A

first 2-3 months after birth

32
Q

when do cranial sutures start to ossify

A

8 years ( sutures on facial skeleton ossify earlier)

33
Q

obliteration of cranial sutures progresses usually at what age

A

20-30 yrs (often before age 40)

34
Q

obliteration of sutures begins with which suture

A

coronal suture and then extends into sagittal and lambdoid sutures

35
Q

ossification of the cartilaginous neurocranium begins in which bones

A

-occipital bone
-basisphenoid
-ethmoid bone

36
Q

what is craniosynostosis

A

premature closure of one or more sutures

37
Q

what causes scaphocephaly (boat head)

A

early closure of sagittal suture

38
Q

what causes brachycephaly (short head)

A

the premature closure of the coronal and lambdoid sutures

39
Q

what are types of craniosynostosis

A

-scaphocephaly
-brachycephaly
-plagiocephaly

40
Q

what causes plagiocephaly (asymmetry head)

A

unilateral closure of coronal suture/ lambdoid suture

41
Q

how many cranial bones are there

A

8

42
Q

what are the paired cranial bones

A

-parietal
-temporal

43
Q

what are the unpaired cranial bones

A

-frontal
-occipital
-sphenoid
-ethmoid

44
Q

where is the frontal bone located

A

anterior cranial fossa

45
Q

the frontal bone has what structural contribution

A

anterior portion of cranium

roofs of the orbits

anterior cranial fossa

46
Q

what are the parts of the frontal bone

A

frontal squama

supraorbital margins

glabella

47
Q

what are the articulations of the frontal bone

A

coronal suture i.e. parietal bones

frontonasal suture

48
Q

what are the sinuses and openings of the frontal bone

A

frontal sinus

supraorbital foramen

49
Q

what are the marks of the frontal bone

A

frontal squama ( forehead)

supra-orbital margin (protects eye)

lacrimal foosa (for tear ducts)

frontal sinuses

50
Q

what makes up the foramina of the frontal bone

A

supra-orbital foramen

supra-orbital notch

51
Q

the supra-orbital foramen allows for passage for what

A

for blood vessels of eyebrows, eyelids and frontal sinuses

52
Q

whats the supra-orbital notch

A

an incomplete supra-orbital foramen

53
Q

what are the major associated sutures of the parietal bones

A

1 coronal
1 lambdoid
2 squamous
1 sagittal

54
Q

what are sutural bones

A

tiny irregularly shaped bones which appear within sutures

55
Q

whats the structural contribution of the parietal bone

A

superior and lateral aspects of the skull

56
Q

what are the articulations of the parietal bone

A

coronal- anterior; frontal bone

sagittal- midline; parietal bones

lambdoid- posterior; occipital bone

squamous- lateral; temporal bones

57
Q

whats the structural contribution of the temporal bone

A

lateral surface
inferior to parietal

(inferolateral aspects of skull)

58
Q

what are the articulations of the temporal bone

A

squamous i.e. parietal

59
Q

what are the 4 regions of the temporal bone that make its shape

A

squamous region

tympanic region

mastoid region

petrous region

60
Q

what happens at the squamous region of the temporal bone

A

-zygomatic process meets the zygomatic bone and forms the zygomatic arch
-mandibular fossa and condyle of mandible form the temporomandibular joint

61
Q

what’s it like at the tympanic region of the temporal bone

A

-it’s the region which surrounds the external auditory meatus
-has the styloid process which is a needle like projection for muscle attachment

62
Q

what’s does the mastoid region (mastoid process) of the temporal bone do

A

-forms the mastoid process which is an anchoring point for neck muscles and contains the mastoid sinuses

63
Q

what’s the petrous region (mountain range) of the temporal bone

A

-is part of the cranial base
-is between occipital and sphenoid bones
-it forms middle cranial fossa
-it houses middle and inner ear cavities

64
Q

what’s the foramen of the temporal bone

A

jugular- contains jugular veins and 3 cranial nerves

carotid canal

internal acoustic meatus- contains cranial nerves 7 & 8

65
Q

what’s the structural contribution of the occipital bone

A

posterior wall and base of skull

walls of posterior cranial fossa

66
Q

what are the articulations of the occipital bone

A

lambdoid i.e. parietal bones

occipitomastoid i.e. temporal bones

basioccipital i.e. sphenoid bone

67
Q

what’s the opening of the occipital bone

A

foramen magnum- where brain connects with spinal cord

68
Q

what are the protrusions of the occipital bone

A

occipital condyles-which articulates with the first vertebrae

69
Q

what’s the location of the occipital bone

A

posterior cranial fossa

MBBS2/ANATOMY~HEAD & NECK (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions