Skull and Facial Development Flashcards
How many cranial bones? Facial bones?
Cranial=8
Facial=14
what are the 5 different prominence?
Frontonasal, Median Nasal, Lateral Nasal, Maxillary and Mandibular.
WHat is the Auricular Hillocks made from? What does it form?
Pharyngeal arches 1 and 2. Forms the ear.
What come together to form the nasolacrimal/nasooptic groove?
The lateral nasal and Maxillary process.
What forms the philtrum?
Medial nasal process
All skull bones are Mesoderm except? They are made up of?
Viserocranium, Temporal (squamosal), Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Frontal bones, Hyoid. They are made of neural crest cells.
What is the chondrocranium?
The cranial base.
What is Intramembranous ossification? Endochondrial? which bones form how?
Intro: Mensenchyme cell migrate and differentiate into osteoblasts.
Endo: Mesenchyme cells migrate and displace cartilage model and become osteoblasts.
Which bones are made with intramembranous and endochondrial ossification?
Intra: Flat bones of face and skull, Mandible, Clavicle.
Endo: Long bones, vertebrae, Ethmoid, Sphenoid.
What is Cranioschisis? Craniosynostosis?
Cranioschisis=cranium fails to form
Craniosynostosis: Sutures close too early.
What is Scaphocephaly?
Sagittal suture fails, expansion of frontal and occipital bone (long and narrow).
What is Brachycephaly?
Coronal Sutures fails, stout skull.
What is plagiocephaly?
Unilateral coronal and lambdoid sutures.
What is cloverleaf skull?
most cranial sutures fail.
