Skull anatomy

Question 1

Temporomandibular joint

Answer 1

Mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone. Joint can glide or hinge. The joint space is filled with an articular disc.

Question 2

Cranial bones

Answer 2

Occipital, parietal, temporal, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid.

Question 3

Occiput landmarks

Answer 3

Foramen magnum, hypoglassal canal, occipital condyles, EOP, inferior and superior nuchal lines, external occipital crest.

Question 4

Temporal landmarks

Answer 4

Zygomatic process, mandibular fossa, external auditory meatus, styloid and mastoid processes, stylomastoid foramen, carotid canal.

Question 5

Frontal landmarks

Answer 5

Supraorbital notches.

Question 6

Sphenoid landmarks

Answer 6

Sella turcica, optic foramen, superior and inferior orbital fissures, foramina rotundum, ovale and spinosum.

Question 7

Landmarks of the ethmoid

Answer 7

Crista galli, cribiform plate, middle nasal conchae.

Question 8

Sutures of the skull

Answer 8

Lambdoid, sagittal, coronal, squamous.

Question 9

Lambdoid suture

Answer 9

Joins the parietal bones to the occiput.

Question 10

Sagittal suture

Answer 10

Joins the two parietal bones.

Question 11

Coronal suture

Answer 11

Joins the two parietals to the frontal bone.

Question 12

Squamous suture

Answer 12

Joins the parietal bone to the temporal bone.

Question 13

Pterion

Answer 13

Small, H shaped suture line which unites the frontal, parietal and temporal bones as well as the greater wing of the sphenoid.

Question 14

Calvaria

Answer 14

Skullcap

Question 15

Number of bones in the adult skull

Answer 15

21 fused plus the mandible.

Question 16

Auditory ossicles are found where?

Answer 16

Inside the temporal bone.

Question 17

Nasal septum

Answer 17

Divides the nasal cavity. Consists of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid (upper) and the vomer (lower).

Question 18

Inside surface of the skull

Answer 18

Has anterior, middle (right and left) and posterior fossa. Deepest at the back.

Question 19

Sphenoid bone

Answer 19

Large, central bone of the skull. Contributes to the lateral walls of the skull.

Question 20

Medial and lateral pterygoid plates

Answer 20

Bony plates of the sphenoid. Form the psterior and lateral walls of the nasal cavity.

Question 21

Ethmoid

Answer 21

Midline bone which forms the lateral walls and upper roof of the nasal cavity, the upper nasal septum and the medial wall of the orbit.

Question 22

Paired facial bones

Answer 22

Maxilla, palatine, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal and inferior nasal conchae.

Question 23

Unpaired facial bones

Answer 23

Vomer and mandible

Question 24

Maxilla

Answer 24

Forms the upper jaw, hard palate, medial floor of the orbit and lateral base of the nose. Includes the infraorbital foramen.

Question 25

Alveolar surfaces

Answer 25

Found in the maxilla and mandible. Articulate with the teeth.

Question 26

Palatine bones

Answer 26

Contribute a small area to the lateral walls of the nasal cavity and medial walls of the orbit. Contribute to the hard palate.

Question 27

Zygomatic bones

Answer 27

Cheekbone. Contribute to the lateral wall of the orbit and have a short temporal process which contributes to the zygomatic arch.

Question 28

Nasal bones

Answer 28

Contribute to the nose

Question 29

Lacrimal bones

Answer 29

Contribute to the anterior and medial walls of the orbit. Contains the lacrimal fossa and nasolacrimal canal.

Question 30

Inferior nasal conchae

Answer 30

Curved bony plate that projects into the nasal cavity.

Question 31

Vomer

Answer 31

Posterior, inferior part of the nasal septum.

Question 32

Mandible

Answer 32

Lower jaw

Question 33

Parts of the mandible

Answer 33

Condyle, mandibular notch, coronoid process, ramus, angle and body. The body contains the mental foramen.

Question 34

Foramina of the orbit

Answer 34

Supra- and infraorbital.

Question 35

Nasal conchae functions

Answer 35

To swirl the incoming air

Question 36

Paranasal sinus functions

Answer 36

Air warming and voice resonance.

Question 37

Paranasal sinuses

Answer 37

Frontal, maxillary, sphenoid and ethmoid air cells.

Question 38

Hyoid

Answer 38

U shaped bone attached to the pharynx and larynx at the level of C3. Anchors the tongue.

Question 39

Auditory ossicle names

Answer 39

Malleus, incus, stapes

Question 40

Suprahyoid muslces

Answer 40

Run from the mandible to the hyoid and serve to lift the hyoid up.

Question 41

Suprahyoid muscle names

Answer 41

Mylohyoid, digastric, geniohyoid, stylohyoid

Question 42

Infrahyoid muscle names

Answer 42

Sternohyoid, thyrohyoid, sternothyroid and omohyoid.