Sacral, Lumbar and Thoracic joint Pathology Flashcards
The majority of low back pain is due to…
Soft tissue issues.
Types of soft tissue issues which can cause lower back pain
Muscle strains, ligament sprains, postural abnormalities, poor muslce tone, neuromuscular disease.
The second leading cause of low back pain
Disc disease.
Idopathic back pain.
Also called mechanical back pain. Pain of musculoskeletal origin.
Most common joints involved in low back pain
Facet and sacroiliac
Priciples for managing low back pain
Screen for more sinister diseases, reassure and manage symptoms, address underlying issude and return to function ASAP.
Risk factors for LBP
Repeated lifting, bad posture, weak core muscles, adaptive shortening, coughing, disc degeneration, osteoporosis, spondylolisthesis and underdating excessive work.
Pain
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with real or potential tissue damage.
Delayed return to work can be influenced by
The belief that the pain is work related, psychological or psychosocial issues, compensation and time off.
First phase of healing
Inflammatory/acute phase
Inflammatory/acute phase of healing
Lasts 48-72 hours. Includes vascular and immune response. Includes pain, loss of ROM, heat, swelling and reciprocal weakness.
Second phase of healing
Fibroplastic or subacute phase.
Third phase of healing
Remodeling or chronic phase.
Fibroplastic or subacute phase of healing
Days 3-21. Scar tissue is laid down. ROM is increased and pain and swelling are decreased.
Remodelling or chronic phase of healing
Day 21 to 6 to 12 months. Vascularity is lost and scar tissue is strengthened and aligned.
Spinal stenosis
Abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal, either central or lateral intervertebral foramen.