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Anatomy Test 2 > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are there in the skull?

A

8

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2
Q

What are the 8 bones of the skull?

A

1) . frontal
2) . ethmoid
3) . sphenoid
4) . occipital
5) . temporal (2)
6) . parietal (2)

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3
Q

what are the 3 regions of the skull?

A

1) . roof (calvaria)
2) . floor (base)
3) . occiput (back)

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4
Q

how many bones make up the viscerocranium (facial bones)

A

15

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5
Q

what are the 15 bones in the viscerocranium?

A
  1. mandible, ethmoid, vomer, maxillae (2),
  2. inferior nasal conchae (2),
  3. zygomatic (2),
  4. palatines (2),
  5. nasals (2),
  6. lacrimal (2)
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6
Q

Which bones make up the orbit?

A

1) . frontal,
2) . ethmoid,
3) . Lacrimal
4) . Sphenoid
5) . Zygomatic
6) . Palatine
7) . Maxilla

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7
Q

roof of orbit

A

orbital plate of frontal bone

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8
Q

medial wall of orbit

A

ethmoid and lacrimal bones

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9
Q

posterior wall of orbit

A

Sphenoid bone

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10
Q

lateral wall of orbit

A

Zygomatic bone

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11
Q

floor of orbit

A

palatine and maxilla bones

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12
Q

what bone does the optic canal pass through?

A

sphenoid

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13
Q

what bone is referred to as the keystone bone of the cranial cavity?

A

Sphenoid bone

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14
Q

what is found in the sella turcica?

A

pituitary gland

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15
Q

where is the pituitary gland?

A

sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

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16
Q

what passes through the superior orbital fissure?

A

CN 3, 4, 6, and CN V1

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17
Q

what is CN V1?

A

ophthalmic nerve of CN 5 (trigeminal nerve)

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18
Q

name the nerves that pass through the superior orbital fissure

A
  1. occulomotor,
  2. trochlear,
  3. trigeminal (ophthalmic branch),
  4. abducens
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19
Q

what passes through the foramen rotundum?

A

CN V2 (trigeminal - maxillary branch)

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20
Q

what passes through the foramen ovale?

A

CN V3 (trigeminal - mandibular branch)

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21
Q

what passes through the foramen magnum?

A

1) . spinal cord and brain-stem,
2) . vertebral arteries,
3) . CN 11 comes into the skull this way

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22
Q

where is the jugular foramen?

A

posterior cranial fossa between occipital and temporal bone

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23
Q

what goes through the jugular foramen?

A

1) . internal jugular vein,
2) . CN 9
3) . CN 10,
4) . CN 11 (exits here)

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24
Q

name the nerves that pass through the jugular foramen

A

1) . Glossopharyngeal,
2) . Vagus,
3) . Spinal Accessory

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25
Q

what attaches at the temporal styloid process?

A

pharynx and larynx

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26
Q

temporomandibular joint articulation

A

mandibular fossa, head of the mandible,

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27
Q

what passes through the stylomastoid foramen?

A

CN 7 (exiting)

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28
Q

what passes through the internal acoustic foramen (meatus)

A

CN 7 (exiting) and 8

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29
Q

name the nerves passing through the internal acoustic foramen

A

Facial and vestibulocochlear

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30
Q

mental protuberance is commonly called the _____

A

Chin

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31
Q

where is the inferior orbital fissure?

A

posteriolateral aspect of maxilla in the orbit

32
Q

what passes through the inferior orbital fissure?

A

CN V2 branch and zygomatic nerve off of V2

33
Q

what forms the piriform aperture?

A

nasal and maxilla bone

34
Q

what composite structure do the nasal and maxilla bone form?

A

piriform apeture

35
Q

what forms the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

ethmoid bone

36
Q

what forms the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

1) . ethmoid S/I conchae,
2) . palatine perp plate,
3) . inferior nasal conchae,
4) . maxilla

37
Q

what forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

1) . maxilla palatine plate,
2) . palatine bones

38
Q

what forms the medial wall (nasal septum) of the nasal cavity?

A

1) . vomer,
2) . ethmoid perp plate,
3) . septal cartilage

39
Q

what forms the anterior cranial fossa?

A

frontal, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones

40
Q

what forms the middle cranial fossa?

A

sphenoid and temporal bones

41
Q

what forms the posterior cranial fossa?

A
  1. occipital
  2. sphenoid
  3. temporal bones
42
Q

what forms the superior and inferior temporal lines?

A
  1. temporal,
  2. parietal,
  3. frontal,
  4. zygomatic bones
43
Q

what forms the zygomatic arch?

A
  1. zygomatic process of temporal bone
  2. temporal process of zygomatic bone
44
Q

coronal suture

A

separates frontal and parietal

45
Q

sagittal suture

A

separates right and left parietal

46
Q

lambdoid suture

A

separates occipital from parietal

47
Q

occipitomastoid suture

A

separates occipital from temporal

48
Q

squamous (parietomastoid) suture

A

separates temporal from parietal

49
Q

lambda

A

intersection of lambdoid and sagittal sutures

50
Q

bregma

A

intersection of sagittal and coronal sutures

51
Q

pterion

A

“H” shaped intersection of coronal, squamous, and sphenoid bone

52
Q

vertex

A

most superior point of calvaria on sagittal suture

53
Q

asterion

A

junction of lambdoid, occipitomastoid, and squamous

54
Q

TMJ joint type

A

synovial; modified hinge

55
Q

unique feature of TMJ hinge

A

divided into superior and inferior articular cavities each with its own set of movements

56
Q

TMJ ligaments

A
  1. lateral ligament,
  2. stylomandibular ligament,
  3. sphenomandibular ligament
57
Q

what does the lateral TMJ ligament prevent?

A

posterior dislocation

58
Q

what does the stylomandibular ligament prevent?

A

downward dislocation

59
Q

what does the sphenomandibular ligament prevent?

A

downward dislocation

60
Q

what movements occurs at the TMJ joint?

A
  1. protrusion/retrusion,
  2. elevation/depression,
  3. ab-/adduction
61
Q

what movements occur in the superior articular cavity of the TMJ joint?

A

protrusion/retrusion

62
Q

what movements occur in the inferior articular cavity of the TMJ joint?

A

elevation/depression, ab-/adduction

63
Q

what are the composite structures within the skull?

A
  1. orbit,
  2. nasal cavity,
  3. hard and soft palate,
  4. S/I temporal lines,
  5. A/M/P cranial fossa,
  6. zygomatic arch,
  7. piriform aperture,
  8. cranial cavity
64
Q

Name the landmarks on the frontal bone

A
  1. glabella: medially located projecting part of forehead
  2. nasion (bridge of nose)
  3. supraorbital margin
65
Q

How does dura mater attach to the ethmoid?

A

via the crista galli

66
Q

A fracture of the temporal bone will lead to bleeding from what artery?

A

medial meningeal artery, passes through the foramen spinosum

67
Q

What bones in the cranium have sinuses?

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Ethmoid
  3. Sphenoid
  4. Maxilla
68
Q

the carotid canal passes through what bone?

A

temporal

69
Q

what passes through the carotid canal?

A
  1. internal carotid artery
  2. sympathetic plexus
70
Q

what attaches to the soft palate?

A

uvula, it will flip up to cover the nasal cavity when you swallow

71
Q

what is the function of the S/M/I conchae?

A

direct, clean, filter, humidfy air

72
Q

what features of the sphenoid does CN 2 pass through?

A

optic canals and prechiasmatic sulcus

73
Q

what is another name for the external occipital protuberance?

A

inion

74
Q

what does the external acoustic meatus pass through?

A

petris part of the temporal bone

75
Q

what forms the infraorbital margin?

A

Maxillae and zygomatic bones

76
Q

how does the internal carotid artery enter the skull?

A

foramen lacerum

Anatomy Test 2 (14 decks)

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