Skull Flashcards
Skull
cranium+mandible
2 parts of the cranium
neurocranium
viscerocranium
Neurocranium
the bony covering of the brain and its meninges
contains proximal parts of cranial nerves and vasculature of the brain
Calvarium
skull cap
Basicranium
cranial base
8 bones united by sutures
frontal
ethmoid
sphenoid
occipital
parietals
temporals
Viscerocranium
bones of the facial skeleton
forms the anterior part of the cranium
consists of bones that surround the mouth, nose, and most of the orbits
15 bones of the viserocranium
mandible
ethmoid
vomer
maxillae
inferior nasal conchae
zygomatics
palatines
nasals
lacrimals
Frontal bone
forms the forehead, roofs of the orbits, superciliary arches superior to the orbital apertures
contains frontal paranasal sinuses
Parietal bones
form the superior and lateral parts of the skull
coronal suture
runs in the coronal plane
located anteriorly where the parietal bone meets the frontal bone
Squamous suture
occurs where each parietal bone meets a temporal bone inferiorly
Sagittal suture
occurs where the right and left parietal bones meet superiorly in the midline of the
Lambdoid suture
occurs where the parietal bones meet
Sutural bones
small bones that occur within sutures
occipital bone
forms the posterior portion of the cranium and cranial base
foramen magnum
located at the base of the occipital bone
occipital condyles
articulate with C1 vertebra
Nuchal lines
anchor muscles of the back and neck
Temporal bones
lie inferior to the parietal bones
Form the inferolateral region of the skull and parts of the cranial floor
Sphenoid bone
spans the width of the cranial floor
situated between the bones of the cranial vault and those of the face
greater wings
lesser wings
Ethmoid bone
a light spongy bone that lies between the nasal and sphenoid bones
forms most of the medial bony region between the nasal cavity and orbits
Crista galli
anchor point for dura mater
Mandible
largest and strongest facial bone
Mandible horizontal body
anchors the lower teeth and forms the chin
Mandible two upright rami
project superolaterally from the body, mandibular angle
Coronoid process
provides an insertion for the temporalis
Mandibular condyle
articulates with the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint
Maxillary bones
contains maxillary sinuses
form the upper jaw and central part of the facial skeleton
hold the tooth roots and form most of the nasal aperture and floor
zygomatic bones
form the lateral wall of the orbits and prominences of the cheeks
Nasal bones
form the bridge of the nose
Lacrimal bones
delicate bones located in the medial orbital walls
Palatine bones
lie posterior to the maxillae and complete the posterior part of the hard palate
Vomer
a slender bone that lies in the nasal cavity and forms the inferior part of the nasal septum
Inferior nasal conchae
thin, curved bones that project medially from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity
Postnatal skull growth
at birth, the bones of the calvarium ossify outward from their centers of ossification and the bones are connected to one another by fibrous membranes
Fontanelles
allow for skull compression during childbirth and brain expansion during postnatal growth
Synchondroses
immovable, cartilaginous joints between bones of the skull base
