Cranial nerves Flashcards
Somatic motor
to striated muscles in the orbit, tongue, and external neck as well as striated muscles in the face, palate, pharynx, and larynx
Where do the muscles of the face, palate, pharynx, and larynx derive from?
pharyngeal arches
Visceral motor
to glands and involuntary smooth muscle in the viscera and blood vessels
Somatic (general) sensory
transmit general sensation (touch, pressure, heat, cold)
Visceral (general) sensory
convey sensation from viscera (from carotid body and sinus, pharynx, larynx, trachea)
Special sensory
convey taste and smell
serve the special senses of vision, hearing, and balance
Exclusively sensory nerves
I
II
VII (8)
Exclusively motor nerves
III
IV (4)
VI (6)
XI (11)
XII (12)
Mixed
V (5)
VII (7)
IX (9)
X (10)
Olfactory nerve
CN I
Special sensory- smell
Exit via cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
Optic nerve
CN II
special sensory- sight
R and L fibers merge at optic chiasm
Exits via optic canals
Oculomotor nerve
CN III
somatic motor- to extraocular muscles
visceral motor- constricts the pupil and accommodates the lens
exits via superior orbital fissure
Trochlear nerve
CN IV
Somatic motor- to superior oblique muscle
exits via superior orbital fissure
Abducent nerve
CN VI
Somatic motor- to lateral rectus muscle
exits via superior orbital fissure
Trigeminal nerve
CN V
CN V1
Ophthalmic division
general sensory from skin of forehead, external nose, and philtrum of upper lip
exits via supraorbital fissure
CN V2
Maxillary division
general sensory from skin of face overlying the maxilla, nasal cavity, upper teeth, and palate
exits via foramen rotundum
CN V3
Mandibular division
General sensory from skin over mandible, lower lip, and TMJ
Brachial motor to muscles of mastication
exits via foramen ovale
Facial nerve
CN VII
special sensory (taste)- from anterior 2/3 of tongue
brachial motor- to muscles of facial expression: exits via stylomastoid foramen
visceral motor- to lacrimal gland, nasal, and palatine mucosal glands, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands
Exits via internal acoustic meatus
Vestibulocochlear nerve
CN VIII
special sensory- hearing and equilibrium
exits via internal acoustic meatus
Glossopharyngeal nerve
CN IX
Brachial motor- muscle of pharynx
visceral motor- parotid gland
special sensory- taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue
visceral sensory- from carotid body and sinus
exits via jugular foramen
Vagus nerve
CN X
brachial motor- to muscles of pharynx, larynx, and palate
visceral motor- to thoracic and abdominal organs
somatic sensory- from skin of posterior ear and external auditory canal
special sensory- taste from epiglottis and root of tongue
visceral sensory- from inferior pharynx and larynx mucosa, thoracic and abdominal viscera
exits via jugular foramen
Spinal accessory nerve
CN XI
somatic motor- to trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
exits via jugular foramen
Hypoglossal nerve
CN XII
somatic motor- muscles within the tongue and those that attach to it
exits via hypoglossal canal
CN III, VII, IX
synapse in one of 4 head ganglia and innervate portions of the eye, lacrimal gland, nasal mucosa, and salivary glands
CN X
thru one of many autonomic plexi, synapse in an intramural ganglion in the wall of the target organ
Sacral outflow (S2, S3, and S4)
thru the inferior hypogastric plexus and synapse in an intramural ganglia in the wall of the target organ
