Neck Flashcards
Neck
the neck is the conduit/pathway for structures that run from the head to the thorax
skeletal neck
C1-C7
Hyoid bone
a mobile structure
does not articulate with any other bone
serves as attachment for anterior neck muscles
Regions of the neck
divided into two triangles
Anterior triangle
sternocleidomastoid
Posterior triangle
trapezius
Sternocleidomastoid region
2 heads attach to manubrium and clavicle
superior attachment: mastoid process of temporal bone
Sternocleidomastoid functions
Unilateral contraction: laterally flexes the neck and rotates it so the face is turned superiorly to the opposite side
Bilateral contraction: extends the neck
Congenital torticollis
A contraction of the cervical muscles that produces twisting of the neck and slanting of the head
Posterior triangle muscles
spelnius
capitis
rectus capitis
levator scapulae
middle and posterior scalenes
muscles of lateral neck flexion
Posterior triangle nerves
CN XI
roots of the brachial plexus appear between the anterior and middle scalenes
ventral rami of cervical plexus consists of nerve loops
Anterior triangle contents
lymph nodes
submandibular gland CN XII
common carotid artery, carotid body and sinus
infrahyoid muscles, thyroid and parathyroid gland
Suprahyoid muscles
superior to the hyoid bone
connect to the cranium
constitute the floor of the mouth
elevate hyoid and larynx in swallowing and tone production
Infrahyoid muscles
inferior to hyoid
depress hyoid and larynx during swallowing and speaking
Prevertebral muscles
Located posterior to the cervical viscera and anterolateral to the vertebral column
function in anterior or lateral flexion of the neck and elevation of the scapula
