Female reproductive system

Question 1

What begins to develop in the 5th week?

Answer 1

gonads in both sexes begin to develop as masses of intermediate mesoderm called gonadal ridges

Question 2

Where do gonadal ridges form?

Answer 2

dorsal abdominal wall

Question 3

Mesonephric ducts

Answer 3

future male ducts

Question 4

Paramesonephric ducts

Answer 4

future female ducts

Question 5

Week 5 and 6 mark?

Answer 5

the indifferent stage
both sexes have identical internal and external primordial structures

Question 6

female embryos

Answer 6

sexual differentiation begins in week 8

Question 7

ovarian follicles

Answer 7

formed from cortical portion of immature ovaries

Question 8

Paramesonephric ducts become?

Answer 8

uterus
uterine tubes
superior part of vagina
mesonephric ducts degenerate

Question 9

genital tubercle

Answer 9

projection on their external perineal surface in both sexes during the indifferent stage

Question 10

The urogenital sinus

Answer 10

future urethra and bladder lies deep to the tubercle

Question 11

Urethral groove

Answer 11

serves as the external opening of the urogenital sinus, runs between the genital tubercle and anus and is laterally flanked by the urethral folds and labioscrotal swellings

Question 12

Week 8

Answer 12

rapid development of external genitalia

Question 13

week 8 in females

Answer 13

genital tubercle becomes the clitoris
urethral folds become labia minora
labioscrotal swellings become the labia majora
urethral groove persists as the vestibule

Question 14

week 8 in males

Answer 14

genital tubercle enlarges
urethral folds fuse in the midline to form the penile urethra
labioscrotal swellings join midline and become the scrotum

Question 15

Mons pubis

Answer 15

rounded fatty eminence overlying the pubic symphysis

Question 16

Labia majora

Answer 16

prominent outer folds of the skin that contain subcutaneous fat and the termination of the round ligament of the uterus
external aspect covered with pigmented skin containing sebaceous glands

Question 17

Labia minora

Answer 17

inner folds of fat-free skin
have a core of spongy connective tissue that contains erectile tissue and many small blood vessels
internal aspect contains many sensory endings

Question 18

Clitoris

Answer 18

an erectile organ located where the labia minora meet anteriorly
consists of a root and a body which are composed of 2 cura, 2 corpora cavernosa, and the glans of the clitoris covered by a prepuce

Question 19

Vestibule

Answer 19

space surrounded by the labia minora that contains the openings of the urethra, vagina, and the ducts of the greater and lesser vestibular glands

Question 20

Bulbs of vestibule

Answer 20

paired masses of elongated erectile tissue situated along the sides of the vaginal orifice deep to bulbospongiosus
homologous with the bulb of the penis and corpus spongiosum

Question 21

Vestibular glands

Answer 21

greater vestibular glands on each side of the vestibule posterior to the vaginal orifice
glands open into the vestibule and secrete mucus during sexual arousal
lesser vestibular glands open between the urethral and vaginal orifices and secrete mucus

Question 22

Ischiocavernosus

Answer 22

maintains erection of the clitoris by compressing outflow veins

Question 23

Bulbospobgiosus

Answer 23

“sphincter” of the vagina
assists in the erection of the clitoris and bulb of the vestibule and compresses the greater vestibular gland

Question 24

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

Answer 24

supports and fixes the perineal body and pelvic floor to support viscera

Question 25

Vagina

Answer 25

a mostly subperitoneal musculomembranous tube that extends from the cervix of the uterus to the vestibule of the vagina serves as a canal for menstrual fluid forms the inferior part of birth canal

Question 26

Vaginal fornix

Answer 26

recess around the protruding cervix has anterior, posterior, and lateral parts

Question 27

Arteries of the vagina

Answer 27

supplying the superior part of the vagina derive from the uterine arteries middle and inferior parts derive from the vaginal and internal pudendal arteries

Question 28

Veins of the vagina

Answer 28

form plexuses along the sides of the vagina and within the vaginal mucosa and drain into the internal iliac veins via the uterine veins

Question 29

structures of the ovaries

Answer 29

small organs held in place by ligaments and mesenteries

Question 30

Ovaries

Answer 30

almond-shaped organs typically found near the attachment of the broad ligament to the lateral pelvic walls

Question 31

How are the ovaries suspended?

Answer 31

suspended by peritoneal folds: mesovarium and suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 32

Uterus

Answer 32

a hollow thick-walled muscular organ receives, retains, and nourishes the fertilized egg

Question 33

Body of uterus

Answer 33

includes the rounded fundus, relatively constricted isthmus and the uterine horns; freely movable

Question 34

Cervix

Answer 34

the cylindrical, narrow inferior part of the uterus

Question 35

Perimetrium

Answer 35

outer serous coat, consists of peritoneum and ct

Question 36

Myometrium

Answer 36

middle muscular coat that distends significantly during pregnancy, the main branches of blood vessels and nerves located here

Question 37

Endometrium

Answer 37

inner mucous layer, which adheres firmly to the myometrium and is involved in the menstrual cycle if conception occurs the blastocyst is implanted here otherwise the inner surface of this coat is shed during menstruation

Question 38

Where do the fallopian tubes extend?

Answer 38

extend laterally from the uterine horns and open into the peritoneal cavity near the ovaries Uterine tubes have no contact with the ovaries; ovulated oocyte is cast into the peritoneal cavity

Question 39

Infundibulum (part of fallopian tube)

Answer 39

funnel-shaped distal end opens into the peritoneal cavity (fimbriae)

Question 40

Ampulla (part of the fallopian tubes)

Answer 40

Widest and longest parts

Question 41

Isthmus (fallopian tubes)

Answer 41

Enters uterine horn

Question 42

Uterine portion (fallopian tubes)

Answer 42

short intramural segment

Question 43

Broad ligament of the uterus

Answer 43

a double layer of peritoneum that extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and floor of the pelvis

Question 44

What does the broad ligament contain?

Answer 44

ovaries uterine tubes vasculature that serves them

Question 45

suspensory ligament of the ovary

Answer 45

a lateral extension of the broad ligament over the ovarian vessels

Question 46

Mesovarium

Answer 46

the portion of the broad ligament suspending the ovary

Question 47

Mesosalpinx

Answer 47

suspends the uterine tube

Question 48

Mesometrium

Answer 48

the major part of the broad ligament of the uterus

Question 49

Mammary glands

Answer 49

modified sweat glands found in superficial body wall

Question 50

Suspensory ligaments of breast

Answer 50

thickenings of fascia that anchor breast to skin and separate glandular and fat lobules

Question 51

Lobules drain into....

Answer 51

lactiferous ducts which open on the nipple

Question 52

retromammary space

Answer 52

a potential space b/n breast and underlying deep pectoral fascia- allows some degree of movement of breast

Question 53

Pelvic floor injury

Answer 53

Structures susceptible to injury: levator ani and pelvic fascia

Question 54

Hysterectomy

Answer 54

excision of the uterus is performed thru the lower abdominal wall or the vagina