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Childs Health > Skin conditions child > Flashcards

Skin conditions child Flashcards

1
Q

What is the white, harmless spots on babies?

A

Milia - keratin filled pores

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2
Q

Little pink marks on face of baby

A

Birthmarks - stork mark/bite - salmon patch
benign - very prominent when cry

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3
Q

What is a strawberry naevus?

A
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4
Q

WHen do strawberry naevus resolve?

A

5% of babies have
70%
95% by 10

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5
Q

How treat strawberry naevi?

A

Propanolol - reduce blood flow

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6
Q

What is port wine stains on face ass with?

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome

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7
Q

Sturge weber syndrome - symptoms

A

Learning disabilitys,
Neurological - seizures
Glaucoma

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8
Q

What causes sturge weber sydnrome?

A

Abnormal blood vessel growth in skin and also in brain

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9
Q

What is harlequin colour change?

A

Transient erythema of half the body along the midline lasting 20-30 seconds

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10
Q

When does harlequin colour change normally present?

A

2-5 days after birth

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11
Q

Neonatal acne prevalence and prognosis

A

50%
Self resolves 1-2 weeks
Erythema toxicum neonatorym

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12
Q

What is an important differential for mongolian blue spot?

A

Bruises

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13
Q

Why is it important to record birthmarks?

A

Prevent mistakes as bruises/marks inflicted later on and safeguarding referral

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14
Q

Mongolian blue spot what population more common in

A

More common in african/asian population - more difficult to see on darker skin

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15
Q

Childhood exanthems

A

Measles
Rubella
Roseola Infantum
Erythema infectosum (slapped cheek/5th disease)
Scarlett fever

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16
Q

Roseola infacntum cuase

A

HHV 6

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17
Q

How does roseola infantum present?

A

Sudden high fever
Exthematous rash
Otherwise relatively well

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18
Q

Signs of measles, what find in mouth
Complication

A

High fever
Red-brown ash starts behind ears spread to torsos
Runny nose
Koplick spots in mouth
Cough and conjunctivitis
Can cause encephalopathy

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19
Q

Prodrome of measles

A
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20
Q

Rubella PRESENTATION

A

Coryzal symptoms
Temperature
Shorter duration and less severe than measeles
Measles like rash but pink/red starts behind ear and spreads

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21
Q

Slapped cheek syndrome cause

A

Parvovirus B19

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22
Q

Why is slapped cheek a risk in sickle cell patients

A

Can cause anaemia

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23
Q

What causes scarlet fever?

A

Strep A

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24
Q

Prodrome scarlet fever

A

Follows sore throat/skin infection

25
Q

Symptoms scarlet feer

A

Sore throat, headache, tmep > 38.5 degrees, swollen strawberry tongue, flushed cheeks, pinkish rash on torso before spread to rest of body, sandpaper feel

26
Q

What is a toxic looking child?

A

More than poorly, tonsilitis like - rash, eyes tired etc

27
Q

How long does a fever last with kawasakis?

A

Over 5 days - paracetemol and ibuprofen dont improve

28
Q

What causes kawasakis

A

Autoimmune - mid vessel vasculitis

29
Q

What signs of kawasakis disease?

A

Erythema with desquemation after 1 weeks
Strawberry tongue/sore mouth
Bilateral conjunctivits - dry
Cervical lymphadenopathy

30
Q

Complication of kawasakis disease

A

Cornoary artery anrysms
30% OCCURENCE

31
Q

Treatment of kawasakis

A

IV immunoglobulins
Aspirin
Echo monitoring

32
Q

Primary vs secondary impetigo

A

Primary - on healthy skin
Secondary - on already infected skin

33
Q

When do children need to be off school impetigo?

A

Before honey coloured crsusts

34
Q

First line treatment impetigo

A

Hydrogen peroxide - if localised and non bullous
Fusidin - 3/4 dyas

35
Q

Oral treatmetn impetifo

A

Flucloxacillin - dries up in 24 hours

36
Q

Treatment for eczema

A

Emollients, topical corticosteroids

37
Q

Where find atopic dermatitis caused by eczema in children?

A

Knees, elbows, neck, hands, scalp

38
Q

What causes meningococcal rash?

A

Sepsis

39
Q

Differentials for non blnaching rash

A

ITP
HSP
Meningococcal septicaemia
Leukaemia

40
Q

What is ITP

A

Autoimmune disease affecting platelets usually following viral illness

41
Q

Why are platelets attacked by the spleen in ITP?

A

Labelled as abnormal as anitbodies attached to platelets

42
Q

Symptoms ITP

A

Bruising/non blanching rash
Nose bleeds

43
Q

What is HSP?

A

Henlocj-Schonlein purpura, small vessel vasculitis

44
Q

Presentation of HSP?

A

Lower limb joint pain and swelling
URTI last 2 weels
Non blanching rash - buttocks and thighs extending down
Abdominal pain
Kidney involvement

45
Q

Why need to do regualr blood and urine tests in HSP?

A

Risk of kidney involvement - 40% within 3 months, takes up to a year to resolve

46
Q

HSP how long illness lasts

A

Resolves after a year with periods of worseing and improving periods

47
Q

Common serotypes of N.meningiditis

A

A,B,C,Y,W135

48
Q

When does meningococcal disease peak?

A

Childhood and adolescence

49
Q

Prophylaxis for meningococcal septicaemia for close contacts

A

Rifampicin, ciprofloxacin

50
Q

What is a side effect of rifampacin?

A

Turns bodily fluids orange

51
Q

What do yuo give in community if meningitis sus?

A

IM benzyl penicillin

52
Q

What give for meningitis in hospital? If under 3 months?

A

Ceftriaxone - IV
Cefotaxine + amoxicillin under 3 months

53
Q

Why treat under 3 months with cefotaxine and amoxicillin?

A

More likely to be caused by weird bacteria as less immune system - wider spectrum antibiotics

54
Q

Petechiae size

A

1-2mm

55
Q

Purpura size

A

5,6,7mm

56
Q

Purpura fulminans

A

Large patches of rash - capillary leak -> necrotic

57
Q

When is rash unlikely to be meningocaccla

A

Above nipple line rash

58
Q

Differentials for non blanching rash on face

A

Vomitting - gastroenteritis
Cough
Strangulation

59
Q

Differentials for non blanching rash on face

A

Vomitting - gastroenteritis
Cough
Strangulation

Childs Health (82 decks)

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