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Skin conditions child Flashcards

1
Q

What is the white, harmless spots on babies?

A

Milia - keratin filled pores

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2
Q

Little pink marks on face of baby

A

Birthmarks - stork mark/bite - salmon patch
benign - very prominent when cry

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3
Q

What is a strawberry naevus?

A
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4
Q

WHen do strawberry naevus resolve?

A

5% of babies have
70%
95% by 10

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5
Q

How treat strawberry naevi?

A

Propanolol - reduce blood flow

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6
Q

What is port wine stains on face ass with?

A

Sturge-Weber syndrome

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7
Q

Sturge weber syndrome - symptoms

A

Learning disabilitys,
Neurological - seizures
Glaucoma

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8
Q

What causes sturge weber sydnrome?

A

Abnormal blood vessel growth in skin and also in brain

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9
Q

What is harlequin colour change?

A

Transient erythema of half the body along the midline lasting 20-30 seconds

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10
Q

When does harlequin colour change normally present?

A

2-5 days after birth

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11
Q

Neonatal acne prevalence and prognosis

A

50%
Self resolves 1-2 weeks
Erythema toxicum neonatorym

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12
Q

What is an important differential for mongolian blue spot?

A

Bruises

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13
Q

Why is it important to record birthmarks?

A

Prevent mistakes as bruises/marks inflicted later on and safeguarding referral

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14
Q

Mongolian blue spot what population more common in

A

More common in african/asian population - more difficult to see on darker skin

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15
Q

Childhood exanthems

A

Measles
Rubella
Roseola Infantum
Erythema infectosum (slapped cheek/5th disease)
Scarlett fever

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16
Q

Roseola infacntum cuase

A

HHV 6

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17
Q

How does roseola infantum present?

A

Sudden high fever
Exthematous rash
Otherwise relatively well

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18
Q

Signs of measles, what find in mouth
Complication

A

High fever
Red-brown ash starts behind ears spread to torsos
Runny nose
Koplick spots in mouth
Cough and conjunctivitis
Can cause encephalopathy

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19
Q

Prodrome of measles

A
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20
Q

Rubella PRESENTATION

A

Coryzal symptoms
Temperature
Shorter duration and less severe than measeles
Measles like rash but pink/red starts behind ear and spreads

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21
Q

Slapped cheek syndrome cause

A

Parvovirus B19

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22
Q

Why is slapped cheek a risk in sickle cell patients

A

Can cause anaemia

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23
Q

What causes scarlet fever?

A

Strep A

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24
Q

Prodrome scarlet fever

A

Follows sore throat/skin infection

25
Symptoms scarlet feer
Sore throat, headache, tmep > 38.5 degrees, swollen strawberry tongue, flushed cheeks, pinkish rash on torso before spread to rest of body, sandpaper feel
26
What is a toxic looking child?
More than poorly, tonsilitis like - rash, eyes tired etc
27
How long does a fever last with kawasakis?
Over 5 days - paracetemol and ibuprofen dont improve
28
What causes kawasakis
Autoimmune - mid vessel vasculitis
29
What signs of kawasakis disease?
Erythema with desquemation after 1 weeks Strawberry tongue/sore mouth Bilateral conjunctivits - dry Cervical lymphadenopathy
30
Complication of kawasakis disease
Cornoary artery anrysms 30% OCCURENCE
31
Treatment of kawasakis
IV immunoglobulins Aspirin Echo monitoring
32
Primary vs secondary impetigo
Primary - on healthy skin Secondary - on already infected skin
33
When do children need to be off school impetigo?
Before honey coloured crsusts
34
First line treatment impetigo
Hydrogen peroxide - if localised and non bullous Fusidin - 3/4 dyas
35
Oral treatmetn impetifo
Flucloxacillin - dries up in 24 hours
36
Treatment for eczema
Emollients, topical corticosteroids
37
Where find atopic dermatitis caused by eczema in children?
Knees, elbows, neck, hands, scalp
38
What causes meningococcal rash?
Sepsis
39
Differentials for non blnaching rash
ITP HSP Meningococcal septicaemia Leukaemia
40
What is ITP
Autoimmune disease affecting platelets usually following viral illness
41
Why are platelets attacked by the spleen in ITP?
Labelled as abnormal as anitbodies attached to platelets
42
Symptoms ITP
Bruising/non blanching rash Nose bleeds
43
What is HSP?
Henlocj-Schonlein purpura, small vessel vasculitis
44
Presentation of HSP?
Lower limb joint pain and swelling URTI last 2 weels Non blanching rash - buttocks and thighs extending down Abdominal pain Kidney involvement
45
Why need to do regualr blood and urine tests in HSP?
Risk of kidney involvement - 40% within 3 months, takes up to a year to resolve
46
HSP how long illness lasts
Resolves after a year with periods of worseing and improving periods
47
Common serotypes of N.meningiditis
A,B,C,Y,W135
48
When does meningococcal disease peak?
Childhood and adolescence
49
Prophylaxis for meningococcal septicaemia for close contacts
Rifampicin, ciprofloxacin
50
What is a side effect of rifampacin?
Turns bodily fluids orange
51
What do yuo give in community if meningitis sus?
IM benzyl penicillin
52
What give for meningitis in hospital? If under 3 months?
Ceftriaxone - IV Cefotaxine + amoxicillin under 3 months
53
Why treat under 3 months with cefotaxine and amoxicillin?
More likely to be caused by weird bacteria as less immune system - wider spectrum antibiotics
54
Petechiae size
1-2mm
55
Purpura size
5,6,7mm
56
Purpura fulminans
Large patches of rash - capillary leak -> necrotic
57
When is rash unlikely to be meningocaccla
Above nipple line rash
58
Differentials for non blanching rash on face
Vomitting - gastroenteritis Cough Strangulation
59
Differentials for non blanching rash on face
Vomitting - gastroenteritis Cough Strangulation

Childs Health (82 decks)

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