Fracture Flashcards
Where do growth plates sit?
End of long bones between the epiphysis and metaphysis
What do the growth plates become in teenagers?
Epiphyseal lines - epiphysis and metaphysis fuse
What is strongest part of bone in child?
Growth plate
What is cancellous bone?
Spongy highly vascular bone in centre long bones
Children have more than adults
What is cortical bones?
Compact, hard bone around outside
Adults have more
Why are children prone to greenstick fractures?
More flexible but less strong bones than adults
Why are fractures often less long term implications in childre?
Very good blood sypply therefore heal much more quickly with less long term deformity vs adutls
Younger = better and faster healing
What is a greenstick fracture?
One side of bone breaks, others stay intact
What fractures are children more likely to have than adults?
Greenstick
Buckle
What is a buckle fracutre?
Forces towards each other from either end of bone cause compression in on itself
Less strength against compression than audlts
Bone remodelling
bone tissue is taken from areas of low tension and deposited in areas of high tension. This allows bone to change to the optimum shape for function
Why do children not often get long term deformities from fractures?
High capacuty for bone remodelling
Eben if set incorrectly remodel to return to correct shape
Types of fracture
- Buckle (torus)
- Transverse
- Oblique
- Spiral
- Segmental
- Salter-Harris (growth plate fracture)
- Comminuted
- Greenstick
Salter Harris Classification pneumonic
o Type 1: Straight across
o Type 2: Above
o Type 3: BeLow
o Type 4: Through
o Type 5: CRush
First principle of fractures
Mechanical alignmtnet:
Closed reduction via manipulation of the joint
Open reduction via surgery
