Skin Flashcards
This charactrizes all forms of acute eczematous dermaittis
Spongiosis
This lesions show a central zone of dusky pink-gray discoloration that correlates with epidermal necrosis; surrounded by a pink-red rim, producing target-like lesions.
Erythema multiforme
Infectious agents associated with erythema multiforme
Herpes simplex
Mycoplasma
Histoplasma capsulatum
Coccidioides immitis
Drugs associated with erythema multiforme
Sulfonamide Penicillin Salicylate Hydantoin Antimalarials
Plaques show marked epidermal hyperplasia with uniform downward extension of the rete ridges with prominent parakeratotic scale inflltrated by neutrophils
Psoriasis
Pruritic, polygonal, planar, purple, papules and plaques
Lichen planus
Dense, continuous infiltrate of lymphocytes along the dermoepidermal junction. Inflammation in the basal layer causes the interface to assume an angulated, zigzag contour (“sawtoothing.”)
Lichen planus,
the prototypic interface dermatitis
Roughening of the skin due to local repetitive trauma, localized to nodules
Prurigo nodularis
Localized form of lichen simplex chronicus
Deep skin infections caused by this fungus may reveal erythematous lesions that are nodular and show evidence of hemorrhage. This fungus is particularly angioinvasive.
Aspergillus
Most common type of wart? Most common location?
Verruca vulgaris
Dorsal hand
Common histologic denominator in all forms of pemphigus is:
Acanthyloysis
Bullous Disorders Quiz
The different bullous disorders are characterized by acantholysis in different locations.
- Subcorneal
- Suprabasal
- Subepidermal
- Pemphigus folaceus
- Pemphigus vulgaris
- Dermatitis herpetiformis / bullous pemphigoid
Bulloud pemphigoid occurring in a pregnant woman and resolving after childbrith.
Herpes gestationis
In celiac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis, the patient produces these antibodies that attack gliadin.
IgA
Seborrheic keratosis is characterized by activating mutations in:
FGF receptor 3
Roughened, brown, waxy lesion that appear “stuck on” on the skin; common in elderly individuals.
Histology reveals sheets of smalls cells that resemble basal cells of the normal epidermis; associated with the presence of small keratin-filled cysts (horn cysts).
Seborrheic keratosis
Common in sun-exposed areas, this lesion appears tan-brown with sandpaper-like consistency. Histology reveals cytologic atypia with hyperplasia of basal cells.
Is there an association with malignancy?
Treatment?
Characteristic mutation?
Actinic keratosis May progress to full thickness atypia (Squamous cell CA in situ) Local cryotherapy or topical agents p53
Histologic features of actinic keratosis
SPAIN
Solar elastosis (dermis contains blue-gray elastic fibers due to sun damage)
Parakeratosis
Atypia
Inflammation (leukocytes in superficial dermis)
NOT full thickness (atypia)
The MOST COMMON human cancer
Basal cell CA
Basal cell CA is associated with dysregulation of the __ pathway
Sonic hedgehog (PTCH) pathway
Pearly papules often containing prominent dilated subepidermal blood vessels
Basal cell Ca
Most melanocytic nevi tend to show activating mutations in just one gene, usually:
BRAF, NRAS
Biopsy of a skin lesion reveals cells with large nuclei with irregular contours having chromatin characteristically clumped at the periphery of the nuclear membrane and prominent eosinophilic nuclei. Cells grow as poorly formed cells ar all levels of the epidermis and as dermal balloon-like nodules.
Melanoma
