Answer in Numbers Flashcards
LDL level generally considered to connote low risk
160mg/dL
% obstruction in critical stenosis of coronary arteries that cause symptoms with increased demand.% causing symptoms at rest.
70 - 75%90%
Irreversible ischemia in myocardial cells occur with severe ischemia lasting ___ minutes
20 - 40 minutes
Cardiogenic shock develops with MI affecting ___% of the myocardium.
40%
Troponin levels after MI
Detectable at 2-4h.Peak at 48h.Persist for 7-10d.
CK-MB levels after MI
Rise within 2-4h.Peak at 23-48h.Return to normal within 72h.
Mortality rate of MIs complicated by cardiogenic shock
70%
Overall mortality within the first year of an MI
30%.3-4% per year thereafter
Acute cor pulmonale most commonly follows massive pulmonary embolism with obstruction of >____% of the pulmonary vascular bed
50
Normal volume of pericardial fluid
30 - 50 mL
Total body iron content in women? Men?
2g in women; 6g in men
Iron lost per day
1-2 mg/day. Due to shedding of mucosal and skin epithelial cells
ALL defined by blasts > ___% of cells in the bone marrow.
25
AML defined by blasts > ___ in the bone marrow
20%
Normal bleeding time
2 - 9 minutes
Cut off for thrombocytopenia
<100,000 cells/uL
Particles that are this size are the most dangerous because they get lodged at the bifurcation of distal airways
1 to 5 um
Acute right sided heart failure or collapse occurs when more than ___% of the total pulmonary vasculature is obstructed by a pulmonary embolus
60
Patients who have experienced one pulmonary embolism have a ___% chance of developing a second.
30
Pulmonary blood pressure are only about ____ (fraction) of the systemic pressure
1/8
An exudate is characterized by protein content >___
2.9 g/dL
Most common histologic variant of NPCA; most closely linked with EBV
Undifferentiated Ca
Diameter of the filtration slit in glomerular membranes. Radius of albumin?
20-30 nm.
3.6 nm,
70,000 kD
Nephrotic syndrome is defined as excretion of ___ gm CHON/day in adults
3.5
How many % of pregnant women would develop bacterium is. How many percent of these would become symptomatic if untreated.
4-6%.
20-40%.
Nephrotic syndrome hypoalbuminemia in adults defined as plasma albumin <___
3 g/dL
Urine flow falls below ___ in 24 hours in patients with acute renal failure.
400 mL
Diarrhea defined as daily stool production in excess of ___
250g.
Containing. 70-95% water
Megacolon defined as distention greater than ___
6-7 cm
Minimum number of polyps required for diagnosis of FAP
100
Surgical removal of ___% of liver of a normal person produces minimal and transient hepatic impairment. Regeneration restores most of the liver mass within ____ weeks.
60%
4 - 6 weeks
Serious irreversible renal damage occurs in ___ wks with complete obstruction and in ___with incomplete obstruction.
3 weeks.
3 months.
Mortality rate with appendiceal perforation
2%
Average size of the kidney
10-12 cm
Hepatic failure develops when ___% of hepatic function is lost.
80 - 90%
Ascites usually becomes detectable when at least ___ mL have accumulated
500
Normal thoracic duct lymph flow
800 - 1000 mL/day
Jaundice occurs when bilirubin > ___
2 mg/dL
Average incubation period of Hepatitis B
120 days
% chronicity in Hep C infection
85% develop chronic Hep C.
Of these, 20% develop cirrhosis
Hep B vaccination induced a protective anti-HBs antibody response in ___%
95
It takes ___ years of drinking to develop cirrhosis. Consumption of ___ g/day considered to be the threshold for development of alcoholic liver disease
10 - 15 y.
50 - 60 g/day.
In hereditary hemochromatosis, there is net iron accumulation of ____ g/yr
0.5 to 1.0 g/yr
Hereditary hemochromatosis manifests typically after ___g of storage iron has accumulated.
20
The overall recurrence risk of neural tube defects for subsequent pregnancies
4 - 5%
Regrowth of axons occur at a rate of __
1 - 2 mm/day
Normal blood glucose levels
70 - 120 mg/dL
How many % of those with impaired glucose tolerance proceed to develop full-fledged DM per year?
5 - 10%
DM Type 1 only develops with destruction of ___% of B cells.
90%
Attacks of hypoglycemia occur with blood glucose < ____
50 mg/dL
Normal age-related bone loss
0.7% per year
Osteoporosis cannot be reliably detected in plain radiographs until ____% of bone mass has already disappeared
30 - 40%
Threshold for pain (in dB)
120
Normal sound intensity in conversation (in dB)
60
Continuous exposure to >____ dB may lead to permanent hearing loss.
90
