Eponyms Flashcards
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions in degenerating hepatocytes; represents tangled skeins of intermediate filaments
Mallory bodies
Seen in alcoholic liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, Wilson Disease, chronic cholestatic syndromes and hepatocellular CA.
Increased iron intake which causes secondary hemochromatosis
Bantu siderosis
Green to brown deposits in Descemet Membrane in the limbus of the cornea
Kayser-Fleischer rings
Rare disease characterized by fatty change in the liver and encephalopathy
Reye syndrome
Subclinical thrombosis of the portal vein (as from neonatal omphalitis or umbilical vein catheterization) produces a fibrotic, partially recanalized vascular channel presenting as splenomegaly or esophageal varices years after the occlusive event.
Banti syndrome
Sharply demarcated area of red-blue discoloration due to acute intrahepatic thrombosis of a portal vein radicle
Infarct of Zahn
Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma developing at the hilum
Klatskin tumor
Structures resembling primitive glomeruli in a testicular mass. Mass reveals cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells forming microcysts, sheets, glands and papillae, often associated with eosinophilic hyaline globules
Schiller-Duvall bodies.
Mass described is an endodermal sinus tumor
Caused by Chlamydial infection in patients who are HLA-B27 positive
Reiter syndrome
Urethritis
Conjunctivitis
Arthritis
Mucocutanous lesions
Minute coccobacilli within vacuoles in macrophages
Donovan bodies
Seen in granuloma inguinale.
Causative agent is Calymmatobacterium donovani.
Light purple, homogeneous intranuclear structure surrounded by a clear halo
Cowdry type A inclusion
seen in HSV
Metastasis of mucinous tumor of the GI tract to the ovaries
Krukenberg tumor
Solid unilateral ovarian tumor consisting of an abundant stroma containing nests of transitional-like epithelium
Brenner tumor
Ovarian tumor producing ascites and hydrothorax
Meigs syndrome
Ovarian tumor is a fibroma
RER of neurons
Nissl body
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion consisting of a dense core surrounded by a halo; seen in neurons of patients with Parkinson disease
Lewy bodies
Thick, elongated, brightly eosinophilic protein aggregates found in astrocytic processes in chronic gliosis and in some low-grade gliomas
Rosenthal fibers
Progression of transtentorial herniation is often accompanied by linear or flame-shaped hemorrhagic lesions in the midbrain and pons.
Duret hemorrhages
Chronic hypertension is associated with development of minute anuerysms in cerebral vessels, that are less than 300 um in diameter.
Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm
Small posterior fossa.
Misshapen midline cerebellum with downward extension of vermis through foramen magnum.
Association with HCP and lumbar myelomeningocele.
Arnold Chiari malformation
Chiari type II
Low-lying cerebellar tonsils extend through the foramen magnum at the base of the skull leading to obstruction of CSF flow and compression of the medulla.
Results in headache and cranial nerve deficits
Chiari type I malformation
Enlarged posterior fossa.
A large midline cerebellar cyst lined by ependyma replaces an absent cerebellar vermis.
Dandy-Walker malformation
Progressive degenerative disease of the joints caused by nerve damage resulting in abnormal weight bearing
Charcot joints
Leukodystrophy characterized by mutations in the glial fibrillary acidic protein.
Alexander Disease
Alexander likes to Go FAP
Leukodystrophy characterized by galactocerebroside b-galatosidase deficiency.
Characterized by presence of multinucleated globoid cells
Krabbe Disease
Confusion
Ophthalmoplegia
Ataxia
Triad of which syndrome; seen in which nutritional deficiency
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Beriberi (Thiamine/B1 deficiency)
Irreversible condition characterized with profound memory disturbances in patients with thiamine deficiency
Korsakoff Syndrome
Patients who suffer multiple, bilateral, gray and white mater infarcts during the course of months develop dementia. When the pattern of injury preferentially involves large areas of subcortical white matter, the disorder is called.
Binswanger disease
Autosomal recessive progressive illness, beginning in the first decade as gait ataxia, dysarhtria and then followed by loss of joint position and vibratory sense.
Friedreich ataxia
X-linked adult onset disease affecting lower motor neurons characterized by distal limb amyotrophy and bulbar signs. Affected individuals also manifest androgen insensitivity.
Kennedy Disease aka
Bulbospinal atrophy
Like Huntington, characterized by triple repeats this time in the androgen receptor.
Most common form of spinal muscle atrophy (loss of LMN and weakness associated with atrophy of muscle fibers often involving entire fascicles.) Onset at birth; death within 3 years. Where is the characteristic mutation?
Werdnig-Hoffman disease
SMN on chromosome 5
Aggressive, clinically aggressive corticotroph adenoma developing after surgical removal of adrenal glands for the treatment of Cushing syndrome.
Nelson syndrome
Most common form of clinically significant ischemic necrosis of the anterior pituitary?
Sheehan syndrome
Hypothyroidism developing in older children and adults. Manifestations include generalized apathy, sluggishness, cold intolerance, constipation, mucopolysaccharide-rich edema, and broadening and coarsening of facial features.
Gull Disease
aka myxedema
Eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm lining thyroid follicles. Represents metaplastic response of the normally low cuboidal follicular epithelium to ongoing injury. This is seen in what condition?
Hurthle (oxyphil) cells
seen in Hashimoto thyroiditis
Hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule without accompanying infiltrative ophthalmopathy and dermopathy.
Plummer syndrome
Ball-like deposits of a laminated matrix situated in the periphery of the glomerulus. These nodules are PAS(+) and contain trapped mesangial cells. These lesions are essentially pathognomonic of which condition
Kimmelstiel-WIlson lesion characteristic of DM nephropathy
aka nodular glomerulosclerosis (15-30%)
Normal granular basophilic cytoplasm of the ACTH-producing cells in the anterior pituitary is replaced by homogenous, lightly basophilic material. This is seen in which conditions?
Crooke hyaline change.
In the pituitary of patients with Cushing Syndrome.
Due to accumulation of intermeiate keratin filaments.
In psoriasis, neutrophils form small aggregates within both the spongiotic superficial epidermis - ______ - and the parakeratotic stratum corneum - _____.
Pustules of Kogoj
Munro microabscesses
In lichen planus, anucleate necrotic basal cells are seen in the inflamed papillary dermis called ___.
Civatte bodies
White dots or lines characteristic of pruritic, violaceous and flat topped plaques of lichen planus.
Wickham’s striae
Explosive onset of seborrheic keratosis that occur as a paraneoplastic syndrome
Lesser-Trelat sign
Sebaceous adenoma associated with an internal malignancy; this syndrome is characterized by microsatellite instability due to ioss of DNA mismatch repair.
Muir-Torre syndrome
Familial basal cell Ca syndrome
Gorlin syndrome
Multiple chondromas preferentially involving one side of the body
Ollier DIsease
Multiple chondromas associated with benign soft tissue angiomas.
Increased risk of ovarian carcinomas and brain gliomas
Marfucci syndrome
Characterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, endocrine abnormalities (precocious puberty) and cafe au lait skin pigmentations. Associated with mutations in a G protein that constitutively activates adenyl cyclase
McCune Albright Syndrome
Superficial fibromatoses in the:
- Palmar fibromatosis
- Penile fibromatosis
- Dupuytren contracture
2. Peyronie disease
