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Pathoma > Skin > Flashcards

Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Which layer of the skin contains desmosomes?

A

stratum spinosum

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2
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is Atopic Dermatitis?

A

type one

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3
Q

What type of hypersensitivity is Contact Dermatitis?

A

four

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4
Q

What is the main bacteria of acne?

A

Propionibacterium acnes

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5
Q

What enzyme is possessed by Propionibacterium acnes ?

A

lipases

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6
Q

What does these lipases do?

A

release pro-inflammatory fatty acids

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7
Q

What causes psoriasis?

A

excessive keratinocyte production

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8
Q

Which haplotype is associated with Psoriasis?

A

HLA-C

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9
Q

What is parakeratosis?

A

hyperkeratosis with retention of keratinocyte nuclei in stratum corneum

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10
Q

What is Auspitz Sign?

A

thinning of epidermis and elongated dermal papillae that results in “pinpoint” bleeding when scab is picked off

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11
Q

What are the three most common locations for Lichen Planus?

A

wrists/elbows/oral mucosa

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12
Q

What does histology during lichen planus show?

A

inflammation of dermal/epidermal junction

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13
Q

What infection may lichen planus be associated with?

A

chronic HCV

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14
Q

What structure is attacked during pemphigus vulgaris? Between what specific layer?

A

autoimmune destruction of desmosomes between

stratum spinosum

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15
Q

What specific protein is targeted during Pemphigus Vulgaris?

A

Desmoglein

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16
Q

What type of immunoglobulin is responsible for pemphigus vulgaris?

A

IgG

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17
Q

What specific layer of the epidermis is held together by desmosomes?

A

stratum spinosum

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18
Q

Does the stratum basale remain attached to the dermis during pemphigus vulgaris? Via what protein?

A

yes

hemidesmosome

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19
Q

Does pemphigus vulgaris or bullous pemphigoid rupture easily?

A

pemphigus vulgaris

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20
Q

Which protein is targeted during Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

hemidesmosomes

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21
Q

Which two structures are normally connected by hemidesmosomes?

A

stratum basale and underlying dermis

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22
Q

In what two locations does pemhigus vulgaris present?

A

skin and oral mucosa

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23
Q

In what two locations does bullous pemphigoid present?

A

skin

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24
Q

Which immunoglobulin is present during bullous pemphigoid?

A

IgG

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25
Q

Do bullous pemphigoid rupture easily?

A

no

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26
Q

What are Munro abscesses?

A

neutrophils in stratum corneum

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27
Q

Where does IgA deposit in the skin during Dermatitis Herpetiformis?

A

tips of dermal papillae

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28
Q

What two infections can cause Erythema Multiforme?

A

HSV and Mycoplasma

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29
Q

What two drugs are known to cause erythema multiforme?

A

penicillin and sulfonamides

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30
Q

What cell proliferates during Seborrheic Keratosis?

A

squamous

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31
Q

What form of UV light causes BCC?

A

UVB

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32
Q

Which skin carcinoma features telangiectasia?

A

BCC

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33
Q

Actinic keratosis is a precursor lesion for which skin carcinoma?

34
Q

Arsenic exposure is a risk factor for what skin carcinoma?

35
Q

Immunosuppressive therapy is a risk factor for what skin carcinoma?

36
Q

What cells are melanocytes derived from?

A

neural crest

37
Q

Which layer of the skin are melanocytes present in?

38
Q

What enzyme is missing during Albinism?

A

Tyrosinase

39
Q

Which increases in a freckle?

A

Melanosome

40
Q

What cell proliferates during a mole?

A

melanocyte

41
Q

Which two bacteria give rise to impetigo?

A

S. aureus

S. pyogenes

42
Q

Which two bacteria give rise to cellulitis?

A

S. aureus

S. pyogenes

43
Q

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome effects which layer of the epidermis?

A

Stratum granulosum

44
Q

Where does the separation of the skin occur durin Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis?

A

Dermal-Epidermal

45
Q

Molloscum Contagiosum is caused by what virus?

46
Q

What is thought to be the cause of psoriasis?

47
Q

What are the two treatments of psoriasis?

A

glucocorticoids

UVA light with psoralen

48
Q

What is the severe form of Erythema Multiforme?

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

49
Q

What two places does Acanthosis Nigricans arise?

A

Axilla and Groin

50
Q

Which form of skin carcinoma features peripheral palisading nuclei?

51
Q

Chronic inflammation can lead to what skin carcinoma?

52
Q

What is keratoacanthoma?

A

well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma

53
Q

What does keratoacanthoma do?

A

develop and regress rapidly

54
Q

Where structure melanin synthesized in?

A

melanosomes

55
Q

Where does a junctional nevus from? Children or adults?

A

dermal-epidermal junction

children

56
Q

What is the most common mole in adults?

A

intradermal

57
Q

Where does acral lentiginous melanoma occur?

A

palms and soles

58
Q

What type of melanoma arises in dark-skinned individuals?

A

acral lentignous

59
Q

Which form of melanoma is not related to sunlight exposure?

A

acral lentiginous

60
Q

Why is Vitamin A used to treat acne?

A

to prevent keratin production

61
Q

What type of surfaces is psoriasis on?

62
Q

What undergoes hyperplasia during acanthosis?

63
Q

‘Saw-tooth’ pattern refers to the histology of what disease?

A

Lichen Planus

64
Q

Which autoimmune disease can cause Erythema Multiforme?

65
Q

Keratin pseudocysts on histology are indicative of what disease?

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

66
Q

Peripheral Palisading on histology is indicative of what disease?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

67
Q

What syndrome can progress to melanoma?

A

Dysplastic nevus syndrome

68
Q

Which skin disease presents with elongation of Dermal Papillae?

69
Q

Where does Lichen Planus display inflammation?

A

dermal-epidermal junction

70
Q

Which autoimmune disease can produce Erythema Multiforme?

71
Q

What two characteristics are needed to called Erythema Multiforme Steven Johnsons Syndrome?

A

fever

lip/oral mucosa involvement

72
Q

Is a draining sinus tract squamous or basal cell carcinoma?

73
Q

Freckles have an increase in what structure?

A

melanosomes

74
Q

What is a compound nevus?

A

nevus that extends into dermis

75
Q

What drug can cause contact dermatitis?

A

penicillin

76
Q

What does psoriasis do to the nails?

77
Q

Regarding BCC, what does palisading mean?

A

cells line up around edge

78
Q

Draining sinus tract is associated with what skin cancer?

79
Q

Via what structure does a keratoacanthoma present?

A

cup filled tumor with keratin debris

80
Q

Is vitiligo caused by destruction of melanocytes or melanosomes?

A

melanocytes

81
Q

What type of nevi would an adult develop?

A

intra-dermal

82
Q

What two structures does cellulitis penetrate into?

A

dermal or subcutaneously

Pathoma (19 decks)

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