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Male Genital Flashcards

1
Q

What bug transmits Lymphogranuloma Venerum?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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2
Q

Which serotypes of C. trachomata cause Lymphogranuloma Venerum?

A

L1-L3

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3
Q

Where does Bowen Disease cause lesions? What do they look like?

A

shaft or scrotum

Leukoplakia

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4
Q

Where does Erythroplakia of Queyrat present? What does it look like?

A

glans

erythroplakia

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5
Q

How does Bowenoid Papulosis present? Premalignant?

A

multiple red-ish papules

no

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6
Q

Cryptorchidism increases the risk of what unwarranted cancer?

A

Seminoma

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7
Q

What two bacteria cause Orchitis?

A

Chlamydia and Neisseria

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8
Q

Which serotypes of chlamydia cause orchitis?

A

D-K

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9
Q

Which cells are spared during orchitis?

A

Leydig

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10
Q

In what type of patient population do Chlamydia and Neisseria cause orchitis?

A

Young

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11
Q

Which two bacteria cause orchitis in the older population?

A

E. coli and pseudomonas

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12
Q

Which virus can cause orchitis?

A

Mumps

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13
Q

What structure is affected during autoimmune orchitis?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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14
Q

What structure contains a hydrocele?

A

tunica vaginalis

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15
Q

What are the two risk factors for testicular germ cell tumors?

A

cryptorchidism and Klinefelter syndrome

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16
Q

What are the two types of testicular germ cell tumor?

A

seminoma and non-seminoma

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17
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors are responsive to chemotherapy?

A

seminoma

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18
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors metastasize early?

A

nonseminoma

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19
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors metastasize late?

A

seminoma

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20
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors have an excellent prognosis?

A

seminoma

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21
Q

What is the key general description for a seminoma?

A

homogenous mass with no necrosis or hemorrhage

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22
Q

A rare seminoma can prouce what marker?

A

β-HCG

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23
Q

Which type of testicular cancer can produce glands?

A

embryonal carcinoma

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24
Q

What is the key general description for an embryonal carcinoma?

A

hemorrhagic mass with necrosis

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25
What would be the two markers for embryonal carcinoma?
AFP or β-HCG
26
What is the most common tumor in children?
endodermal sinus
27
What malignancy in males are Schiller-Duval bodies indicative of?
Endodermal sinus
28
What is the marker for endodermal sinus tumors?
AFP
29
Elevated β-HCG can lead to what two endocrine results in males?
Gynocomstia hyperthyroidism
30
Why can elevated β-HCG mimmic gynocomastia and hyperthyroidism?
subunit of β-HCG is similar to FSH/LH/TSH
31
What are two conditions a Leydig cell tumor could produce in males?
precocious puberty gynocomastia
32
What is the most common type of testicular mass in a patient over the age of 60? Unilateral or bilateral?
Lymphoma bilateral
33
What is a notable similarity between orchitis and prostatitis ?
same organisms
34
Which race has the highest liklihood for developing prostate cancer?
AAs
35
What is a histological feature of prostate cancer?
prominent nucleoli
36
Why is leuprolide used to treat prostate cancer?
GnRH agonist used to decrease FSH and LF secretions
37
What is the MOA of flutamide?
androgen receptor antagonist
38
What causes hypospadias?
failure of urethral folds to close
39
What is epispadias associated with?
bladder exstrophy
40
What type of inflammation is Lymphagranulooma Venerum?
necrotizing granulomatous
41
What is the main risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?
high risk HPV
42
What type of cancer is Bowen Disease?
carcinoma in situ
43
What type of cancer is Erythroplakia of Queyrat?
Carcinoma in situ
44
What type of cancer is Bowenoid Papillosis?
carcinoma in situ
45
What is the congenital error that most often causes testicular torsion? Via what structure?
failure of testicles to attach to scrotum processus vaginalis
46
What can chemo do to an embryonal carcinoma?
cause it to differentiate into another type of cancer
47
What does a Schiller-Duval boy mimmic?
glomerulus-like
48
On what cellular characteristic is prostate cancer graded?
cellular architecture
49
What causes epispadias?
abnormal positioning of genital tubercle
50
What is formed during autoimmune orchitis?
granulomas
51
An absent cremasteric reflex will present with what testicular pathology?
testicular torsion
52
Do seminomas have hemorrhage?
no
53
Do seminomas have necrosis?
no
54
Seminomas resemble what female genitourinary neoplasm?
Dysgerminoma
55
Are villi present or absent during a choriocarcinoma?
absent
56
What type of lymphoma in the testicle of an older man?
large B-cell
57
Which zone does BPH occur in?
periurethral
58

Which zone does Prostate Cancer occur in?

peripheral

59
What is the Gleason score graded on?
cellular architecture alone
60
What causes hydrocele in adults?
blockage of lymphatic drainage
61
Do a non-Seminoma metastisize early or late?
early
62
Is a seminoma homogenous or heterogenous?
homogenous
63
Which testicular tumor can form glands?
Embryonal Carcinoma
64
Are teratomas benign or malignant in males?
malignant = males
65
Are teratomas benign or malignant in females?
benign = females
66
What are the two markers of a teratoma?
AFP or HCG
67
What are the two characteristics of the prostate on DRE during Acute Prostatitis?
tender and boggy
68
What two structures hypertrophy during BPH?
stroma and glands
69
Which alpha-receptor does terazosin block?
A1A
70
Which alpha-receptor does tamsulosin block?
A1B
71
Which type of diet can lead to prostate cancer?
high in saturated fats
72
Does prostate cancer make free or bound PSA?
bound
73
Is prostate biopsy required for diagnosis?
yes

Pathoma (19 decks)

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