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Pathoma > Male Genital > Flashcards

Male Genital Flashcards

1
Q

What bug transmits Lymphogranuloma Venerum?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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2
Q

Which serotypes of C. trachomata cause Lymphogranuloma Venerum?

A

L1-L3

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3
Q

Where does Bowen Disease cause lesions? What do they look like?

A

shaft or scrotum

Leukoplakia

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4
Q

Where does Erythroplakia of Queyrat present? What does it look like?

A

glans

erythroplakia

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5
Q

How does Bowenoid Papulosis present? Premalignant?

A

multiple red-ish papules

no

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6
Q

Cryptorchidism increases the risk of what unwarranted cancer?

A

Seminoma

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7
Q

What two bacteria cause Orchitis?

A

Chlamydia and Neisseria

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8
Q

Which serotypes of chlamydia cause orchitis?

A

D-K

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9
Q

Which cells are spared during orchitis?

A

Leydig

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10
Q

In what type of patient population do Chlamydia and Neisseria cause orchitis?

A

Young

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11
Q

Which two bacteria cause orchitis in the older population?

A

E. coli and pseudomonas

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12
Q

Which virus can cause orchitis?

A

Mumps

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13
Q

What structure is affected during autoimmune orchitis?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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14
Q

What structure contains a hydrocele?

A

tunica vaginalis

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15
Q

What are the two risk factors for testicular germ cell tumors?

A

cryptorchidism and Klinefelter syndrome

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16
Q

What are the two types of testicular germ cell tumor?

A

seminoma and non-seminoma

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17
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors are responsive to chemotherapy?

A

seminoma

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18
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors metastasize early?

A

nonseminoma

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19
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors metastasize late?

A

seminoma

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20
Q

Which testicular germ cell tumors have an excellent prognosis?

A

seminoma

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21
Q

What is the key general description for a seminoma?

A

homogenous mass with no necrosis or hemorrhage

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22
Q

A rare seminoma can prouce what marker?

A

β-HCG

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23
Q

Which type of testicular cancer can produce glands?

A

embryonal carcinoma

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24
Q

What is the key general description for an embryonal carcinoma?

A

hemorrhagic mass with necrosis

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25
Q

What would be the two markers for embryonal carcinoma?

A

AFP or β-HCG

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26
Q

What is the most common tumor in children?

A

endodermal sinus

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27
Q

What malignancy in males are Schiller-Duval bodies indicative of?

A

Endodermal sinus

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28
Q

What is the marker for endodermal sinus tumors?

A

AFP

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29
Q

Elevated β-HCG can lead to what two endocrine results in males?

A

Gynocomstia

hyperthyroidism

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30
Q

Why can elevated β-HCG mimmic gynocomastia and hyperthyroidism?

A

subunit of β-HCG is similar to FSH/LH/TSH

31
Q

What are two conditions a Leydig cell tumor could produce in males?

A

precocious puberty

gynocomastia

32
Q

What is the most common type of testicular mass in a patient over the age of 60? Unilateral or bilateral?

A

Lymphoma

bilateral

33
Q

What is a notable similarity between orchitis and prostatitis ?

A

same organisms

34
Q

Which race has the highest liklihood for developing prostate cancer?

A

AAs

35
Q

What is a histological feature of prostate cancer?

A

prominent nucleoli

36
Q

Why is leuprolide used to treat prostate cancer?

A

GnRH agonist used to decrease FSH and LF secretions

37
Q

What is the MOA of flutamide?

A

androgen receptor antagonist

38
Q

What causes hypospadias?

A

failure of urethral folds to close

39
Q

What is epispadias associated with?

A

bladder exstrophy

40
Q

What type of inflammation is Lymphagranulooma Venerum?

A

necrotizing granulomatous

41
Q

What is the main risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?

A

high risk HPV

42
Q

What type of cancer is Bowen Disease?

A

carcinoma in situ

43
Q

What type of cancer is Erythroplakia of Queyrat?

A

Carcinoma in situ

44
Q

What type of cancer is Bowenoid Papillosis?

A

carcinoma in situ

45
Q

What is the congenital error that most often causes testicular torsion? Via what structure?

A

failure of testicles to attach to scrotum

processus vaginalis

46
Q

What can chemo do to an embryonal carcinoma?

A

cause it to differentiate into another type of cancer

47
Q

What does a Schiller-Duval boy mimmic?

A

glomerulus-like

48
Q

On what cellular characteristic is prostate cancer graded?

A

cellular architecture

49
Q

What causes epispadias?

A

abnormal positioning of genital tubercle

50
Q

What is formed during autoimmune orchitis?

A

granulomas

51
Q

An absent cremasteric reflex will present with what testicular pathology?

A

testicular torsion

52
Q

Do seminomas have hemorrhage?

A

no

53
Q

Do seminomas have necrosis?

A

no

54
Q

Seminomas resemble what female genitourinary neoplasm?

A

Dysgerminoma

55
Q

Are villi present or absent during a choriocarcinoma?

A

absent

56
Q

What type of lymphoma in the testicle of an older man?

A

large B-cell

57
Q

Which zone does BPH occur in?

A

periurethral

58
Q

<p>Which zone does Prostate Cancer occur in?</p>

A

<p>peripheral</p>

59
Q

What is the Gleason score graded on?

A

cellular architecture alone

60
Q

What causes hydrocele in adults?

A

blockage of lymphatic drainage

61
Q

Do a non-Seminoma metastisize early or late?

A

early

62
Q

Is a seminoma homogenous or heterogenous?

A

homogenous

63
Q

Which testicular tumor can form glands?

A

Embryonal Carcinoma

64
Q

Are teratomas benign or malignant in males?

A

malignant = males

65
Q

Are teratomas benign or malignant in females?

A

benign = females

66
Q

What are the two markers of a teratoma?

A

AFP or HCG

67
Q

What are the two characteristics of the prostate on DRE during Acute Prostatitis?

A

tender and boggy

68
Q

What two structures hypertrophy during BPH?

A

stroma and glands

69
Q

Which alpha-receptor does terazosin block?

A

A1A

70
Q

Which alpha-receptor does tamsulosin block?

A

A1B

71
Q

Which type of diet can lead to prostate cancer?

A

high in saturated fats

72
Q

Does prostate cancer make free or bound PSA?

A

bound

73
Q

Is prostate biopsy required for diagnosis?

A

yes

Pathoma (19 decks)

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