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Pathoma > Breast Pathology > Flashcards

Breast Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two layers of cells in the breast?

A

luminal

myoepithelial

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2
Q

What drug is used to treat mastitis?

A

Dicloxacillin

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3
Q

What is periductal mastitis?

A

inflammation of the subareolar ducts

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4
Q

In what patient population is periductal mastitis usually seen?

A

smokers

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5
Q

What causes periductal mastitis?

A

lack of vitamin A

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6
Q

What is mammary duct ectasia?

A

inflammation with dilation of subareolar ducts

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7
Q

What is the high yield mechanism of how mammary duct ectasia often presents?

A

green/brown discharge

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8
Q

What type of patient with mammary duct ectasia likely arise in?

A

Multiparous postmenopausal woman

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9
Q

Presence of what type of cell on biopsy would confirm mammary duct ectasia?

A

Plasma

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10
Q

How does intraductal papilloma clasically present? Pre or postmenopausal?

A

bloody nipple discharge

premenopausal

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11
Q

Which cells are contained within a Intraductal Papilloma?

A

epithelial

myoepithelial

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12
Q

Which cells are contained within a Papillary Carcinoma?

A

epithelial

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13
Q

What two types of tissues are contained within a fibroadenoma?

A

fibrous and glandular

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14
Q

Are fibroadenomas seen more often in pre or post?

A

Premenopausal

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15
Q

Does a fibroadenoma have an increased risk for transforming into a carcinoma?

A

no

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16
Q

What is a phyllodes tumor?

A

fibroadenoma with fibrous overgrowth

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17
Q

Are Phyllodes tumors more often seen in premenopausal or postmenopausal women?

A

Post

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18
Q

What is seen on histology during a Phyllodes tumor?

A

‘leaf-like’ projections

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19
Q

How is DCIS often detected on mammography?

A

calcifications

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20
Q

What is Pagets disease of breast?

A

DCIS that has extended out of the nipple

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21
Q

What is invasive ductal carcinoma?

A

DCIS that has invaded basement membrane

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22
Q

What cell is lacking in a tubular carcinoma?

A

myoepithelial

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23
Q

What is the prognosis of Tubular Carcinoma?

A

good

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24
Q

Does mucinous carcinoma occur in young women or old women?

A

old women

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25
Q

What is the prognosis or mucinous carcinoma?

A

good

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26
Q

What cells are present during a Medullary Carcinoma?

A

Lymphocytes and plasma cells

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27
Q

Which type of breast cancer is BRCA1 associated with?

A

medullary

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28
Q

What is inflammatory carcinoma characterized by?

A

carcinoma in dermal lymphatics

29
Q

What can Inflammatory Carcinoma be confused with?

A

mastitis

30
Q

What is the prognosis for inflammatory carcinoma?

A

poor

31
Q

What type of breast cancer lacks E-Cadherin?

A

lobular carcinoma in situ

32
Q

What is the Tx for LCIS?

A

tamoxifen

33
Q

On histology, could could LCIS be distinguished from Invasive Lobular Carcinoma?

A

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma = signet rings

34
Q

Which population has an increased incidence to develop triple negative breast cancer?

A

african american women

35
Q

What cancers are BRCA1 associated with?

A

breast and ovarian carcinoma

36
Q

What cancers are BRCA2 associated with?

A

male breast cancer

37
Q

Where does male breast cancer present?

A

subareolar mass

38
Q

Where is the highest density of breast tissue for males?

A

under the nipple

39
Q

What is the most common type of male breast cancer?

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

40
Q

Other than BRCA2, what genetic condition could lead to male breast cancer?

A

Klinefelters syndrome

41
Q

The breast is a modified what type of gland?

A

sweat

42
Q

What structure is the breast embryologically derived from?

A

skin

43
Q

Which quadrant contains the most amount of breast tissue?

A

upper/outer

44
Q

Which two parts of the breast tissue are lined by two types of epithelium?

A

ducts and lobules

45
Q

Which two types of fibrocystic changes have have a 2x increase in breast cancer?

A

sclerosing adenosis

ductal hyperplasia

46
Q

Which type of fibrocystic changes have have a 5x increase in breast cancer?

A

Atypical hyperplasia

47
Q

Does Intraductal Papilloma have underlying epithelial and myoepithelial cells?

A

yes

48
Q

Does Papillary Carcinoma of the breast have underlying epithelial and myoepithelial cells?

A

no

49
Q

Which breast pathology can present with a Blue Dome appearance?

A

Fibrocystic Change

50
Q

Which two benign breast conditions can present with microcalcifications?

A

sclerosing adenosis

fat necrosis

51
Q

What type of carcinoma is Desmoplastic Stroma indicative of?

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

52
Q

What breast cancer presents with cells in ‘single-file’?

A

invasive lobular carcinoma

53
Q

How does male breast cancer present?

A

subareolar mass

54
Q

Can Galactorrhea be caused by Nipple Stimulation?

A

yes

55
Q

What type of metaplasia takes place during Periductal Mastitis?

A

squamous

56
Q

What happens to the terminal duct during Periductal Mastitis?

A

blockage

57
Q

With what two ways does Periductal Mastitis present?

A

nipple retraction

subareolar masss

58
Q

Presence of what type of cell on biopsy would confirm fat necrosis of breast?

A

giant cell

59
Q

Where do Fibrocystic Changes of the breast most often present?

A

upper/outer quadrant

60
Q

Does Apocrine Metaplasia during Fibrocystic Changes carry an increased risk of cancer?

A

no

61
Q

Which benign fibrocystic change can present with calcifications?

A

sclerosing adenosis

62
Q

Of the fibrocystic changes that increase risk of breast cancer, which breast cancer is it?

A

invasive carcinoma

63
Q

Of the fibrocystic changes that increase risk of breast cancer, is the risk for unilateral or bilateral breasts?

A

bilateral

64
Q

Which breast cancer can present with bloody nipple discharge?

A

papillary carcinoma

65
Q

Does Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast present in pre or postmenopausal womens?

A

post

66
Q

Does DCIS produce a mass?

A

no

67
Q

What are two histological characteristics of the Comedo type of DCIS?

A

necrosis

dystrophic calcifications

68
Q

Is Lobular Carcinoma unilateral or bilateral?

A

bilateral

69
Q

What happens to the HER2/Neu gene during breast cancer?

A

amplification

Pathoma (19 decks)

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