Sketchy Pharm: NRTIs Flashcards
How do NRTIs work?
They lack a hydroxyl group at the 3’ end necessary for chain elongation (a là Sanger sequencing).
(Think of King Arthur slamming the nucleotide down with the missing 3’ piece.)
The NRTIs require __________ for activation.
phosphorylation
Think of the P on the seal.
What are some adverse effects of NRTIs?
Mitochondrial toxicity (like the woodgrain table) Lactic acidosis (sour milk on table)
A couple of the NRTIs can cause peripheral neuropathy: _________________.
lamivudine, stavudine, and didanosine
Note: many of the NRTIs end in the -dine suffix, so the Sketch has the knights DINing.
Lamivudine and ____________ can also be used for hepatitis B.
tenofovir
(Think of TristaN riding the tide out –tide because tenofovir is already phosphorylated.)
(To remember hepatitis B, think of the HiPpie poster.)
The antiretroviral that is given to pregnant women has what side effects?
Myelosuppression and central redistribution of fate
(Think of Izolde –who represents zidovudine –eating off the bone-shaped plate next to the hour glass; she’s also next to the horse with the weirdly skinny legs.)
Zidovudine shares a side effect profile with what other drug?
stavudine (like STeVe next to zidovudine)
Note: stavudine also causes peripheral neuropathy, just like lamivudine and didanosine.
Pancreatitis is a unique effect of _____________.
didanosine (like sir DAN squeezing the pancreas sponge next to lamivudine Lancelot)
Which antiretroviral can cause a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?
Abacavir
Think of the red spots on the arms of Merlin saying “ABrACAdabra!”
______________ can cause hyperpigmentation of the palms and soles.
Emtricitabine (represented by King Arthur’s sword ExCAllibur; also, remember Arthur’s bad ass dark leather gloves)