Sketchy Pharm: NRTIs Flashcards

1
Q

How do NRTIs work?

A

They lack a hydroxyl group at the 3’ end necessary for chain elongation (a là Sanger sequencing).

(Think of King Arthur slamming the nucleotide down with the missing 3’ piece.)

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2
Q

The NRTIs require __________ for activation.

A

phosphorylation

Think of the P on the seal.

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3
Q

What are some adverse effects of NRTIs?

A
Mitochondrial toxicity (like the woodgrain table) 
Lactic acidosis (sour milk on table)
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4
Q

A couple of the NRTIs can cause peripheral neuropathy: _________________.

A

lamivudine, stavudine, and didanosine

Note: many of the NRTIs end in the -dine suffix, so the Sketch has the knights DINing.

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5
Q

Lamivudine and ____________ can also be used for hepatitis B.

A

tenofovir

(Think of TristaN riding the tide out –tide because tenofovir is already phosphorylated.)

(To remember hepatitis B, think of the HiPpie poster.)

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6
Q

The antiretroviral that is given to pregnant women has what side effects?

A

Myelosuppression and central redistribution of fate

(Think of Izolde –who represents zidovudine –eating off the bone-shaped plate next to the hour glass; she’s also next to the horse with the weirdly skinny legs.)

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7
Q

Zidovudine shares a side effect profile with what other drug?

A

stavudine (like STeVe next to zidovudine)

Note: stavudine also causes peripheral neuropathy, just like lamivudine and didanosine.

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8
Q

Pancreatitis is a unique effect of _____________.

A

didanosine (like sir DAN squeezing the pancreas sponge next to lamivudine Lancelot)

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9
Q

Which antiretroviral can cause a type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Abacavir

Think of the red spots on the arms of Merlin saying “ABrACAdabra!”

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10
Q

______________ can cause hyperpigmentation of the palms and soles.

A

Emtricitabine (represented by King Arthur’s sword ExCAllibur; also, remember Arthur’s bad ass dark leather gloves)

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