Sketchy Pharm: Inhaled Anesthetics, Dantrolene Flashcards

1
Q

The first inhaled anesthetic to be developed was _________.

A

N2O (still used in dental clinics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The volatile anesthetics are ___________ at room temperature.

A

liquid (think of the kiddie pool with the gas tank falling into it)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The volatile anesthetics have ___________ groups (chemical part).

A

halogen (enflurane, isoflurane, halothane)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Less soluble anesthetics have what property in the blood and what effect for the patient?

A

They saturate the blood quickly and thus go to the brain quicker; this results in quicker onset and offset of anesthesia.

(Think of the two lanes of the ball pit: the heftier kid didn’t go far and had to get pulled out quickly, while the smaller kid had a longer run.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Solubility of inhaled anesthetics is also referred to with the unwieldy term _____________.

A

blood-gas partition coefficient; molecules that are more soluble are said to have a high partition coefficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is MAC?

A

Minimum Alveolar Concentration – the concentration needed to make 50% of people unresponsive to pain (also called ED50).

(Think of the two kids eating MAC and cheese; one is asleep and the other is awake and poking the asleep kid.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Potency is equal to ________.

A

1/MAC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The side effects of all inhaled anesthetics include ______________.

A

decreased cardiac output, respiratory depression, and post-op atelectasis (possibly due to decreased mucus production)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fluorinated anesthetics do what to brain blood flow?

A

Increase it (undesirably so)

Think of the clown’s hat that looks like blood vessels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is halothane not used in the United States?

A

Because it can cause hepatic necrosis (Halothane = Hepatic side effects). This occurs 2 days - 4 weeks after anesthesia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Enflurane has what potential side effect?

A

Renal toxicity (eNflurane = Nephrological effects)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

True or false: N2O can cause malignant hyperthermia.

A

False. Only the volatile anesthetics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What non-anesthetic drug can also cause malignant hyperthermia?

A

Succinylcholine (the depolarizing muscle relaxant)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly