Sketchy Pharm: Azoles Flashcards

1
Q

List some of the azoles.

A
  • Clotrimazole
  • Ketoconazole
  • Fluconazole
  • Voriconazole
  • Miconazole
  • Itraconazole
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2
Q

Recall that fungal membranes utilize _____________.

A

ergosterol

In this scene, ergosterol is symbolized by the emerald wall around the city.

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3
Q

Azoles inhibit __________________.

A

the synthesis of ergosterol from lanosterol, which is accomplished by fungal CYP450 (like how the “LANe closed” sign is preventing the munchkins from bringing supplies to build the emerald wall; also, Dorothy’s house landed on a car with the CYP bumper)

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4
Q

Which azoles inhibit CYP450?

A

All of them do, but voriconazole does so more than others (which fits in this Sketch, because the vortex is what brought the house to crush the car)

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5
Q

What side effect is unique to voriconazole?

A

Blurry flashes of light and loss of color vision (like the blurred light patches in the tornado and the sepia background)

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6
Q

Voriconazole is one of the main treatments for ______________.

(two answers)

A

Aspergillosis (like the scarecrow coming out of the sepia scene) and Candida esophagitis (like the Canadian flag behind the tornado)

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7
Q

Fluconazole is often used for _______________.

three answers

A
  • Vaginal candidiasis (snowball to crotch)
  • Oropharyngeal candidiasis (easily scraped off snow covering ground)
  • Cryptococcal meningitis (flying monkey on crypt)
  • Esophageal candidiasis (esophagus gutters full of snow)
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8
Q

Which azole is often used for CNS infections?

A

Fluconazole

Think of the FLying monkeys wearing the meningitis helmets.

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9
Q

Which azole is best at treating dimorphic fungi infections?

A

Itraconazole (like the good wITch and her butterfly wings)

Another mnemonic: “ITraconazole for fungi with two ITerations”

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10
Q

Which azole is used topically?

A

Clotrimazole and miconazole

(Think of the TIN man –who represents TINea corporis –next to the lion getting a CLOse TRIM. Also, the lion is holding the cone close, saying “it’s My CONe!”)

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11
Q

_______________ is not often used systemically because of its potent CYP inhibition.

A

Ketoconazole (like the TIN man using the KEy to unlock the kidney lock)

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12
Q

Which enzyme is inhibited by ketoconazole?

A

17,20-desmolase (the enzyme that converts cholesterol to pregnenolone)

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13
Q

Ketoconazole is used systemically for _______________.

A

Cushing’s disease (represented by the moon face in the witch’s book)

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14
Q

What side effect is unique to ketoconazole?

A

Gynecomastia (because it prevents the synthesis of androgens)

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