Skeletal (W3.2) Flashcards
Articulation
place where bones come together
Fibrous joint
(synarthrose) united tissue with no movement
ex - skull, splint bones and cannon
Cartilaginous joint
(amphiarthrose) united fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage with slight movement; capable of only a slight rocking movement
ex - symphsis (pelvis) or intervertebral joints
Synovial
(diarthroses) united by a synovial joint capsule, freely movable
Joint Capsule
surrounds joint with outer fibrous and inner synovial membrane
Fibrous layer
attaches to periosteum
Synovial membrane
highly vascular, nerve rich and produces synovial fluid
Synovial fluid
lubricates joint, supplies nutrients and removes waste from hyaline articular cartilage
Articular cartilage Of the synovial joint
Hyaline covering of articulating ends of bones; reduces concussion and friction
Intracapsular ligament
within joint capsule
Extracapsular ligament
outside joint capsule
Joint cavity (of the ligament)
(aka joint space)
potential space containing synovial fluid
Meniscus (of the ligament)
aka disc
fibrocartilage dividing joint cavity, greater variety of motion (TMJ and stifle)
Bursa
sac like structure to reduce friction between structures
Fibrous layer lined with synovial membrane
between bones and skin, ligaments, tendon, or muscle
Synovial sheath
similar to bursa but wraps around tendon
Ankylosis
natural bony fusion of joint
Arthrodesis
surgical bony fusion of joint
Luxation
articular separation (patella)
Arthrocentesis
joint tap, removal of fluid from joint by sterile means
Bursitis
inflammation of bursa
FHO
Femoral Head Osteotomy
muscles acting as hip joint after femoral head removed
False Joint
?? surgical procedure
Flexion
decreases angle
Synovial joint movement
Extension
increases angle
Synovial joint movement
Adduction
toward median
Synovial joint movement
Abduction
away from median
Synovial joint movement
Rotation
twist on axis
Synovial joint movement
Circumduction
distal end moves in circle
Synovial joint movement
Supinate
move palm side up
Synovial joint movement
Pronate
move palm side down
Synovial joint movement
Universal
all movements
Synovial joint movement
Hinge synovial joint
joint swivels around another
only flexion and extension possible
(elbow and alantooccpital- yes movement)
Gliding synovial joint
rocking motion
joint surfaces flat; flexion and extension mainly with minimal abduction and adduction
ex carpus and tarsus
Pivot synovial joint
one joint rotates or pivots on another; only rotation
ex - atlantoaxial joint (no movement)
Ball and socket synovial joint
most extensive movement (universal as allow flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, circumduction, and rotation
ex - hip and shoulder
