Integument (W2.2)

Question 1

Arrector pili

Answer 1

smooth muscle; pulls hair up

Question 2

Hair of the dog

Answer 2

compound follicle with single primary hair and group of secondary hairs

Question 3

Types of hair

Answer 3

bristle, guard, tactile

Question 4

Bristle hair

Answer 4

cilia, vibrissae (eye lashes)

Question 5

Guard hair

Answer 5

outer topcoat

Question 6

Tactile hair

Answer 6

(sensory) lips, chin, cheek, around eyes (whiskers)

Question 7

Merocrine sweat gland

Answer 7

type of gland that packages their secretions into granular units and release them via exocytosis as they are manufactured

Question 8

Eccrine sweat gland

Answer 8

type of sweat glands consists of a simple coiled tube located in the dermis or hypodermis; connected to the surface of the skin; connected to the surface of the skin by a long duct

Question 9

Apocrine sweat gland

Answer 9

type of sweat gland with excretory portion buried in the dermis/hypodermis with a single excretory duct; glands empty into hair follicles

Question 10

Mammary Gland

Answer 10

modified sweat gland (teat + canal + Opening)

specialized skin glands, produce colostrum and milk, found on both males and females

Question 11

External Pudendal

Answer 11

mammary artery ; bifurcates into cranial/caudal mammary branches at base of udder

Question 12

Milk Veins

Answer 12

Large vein of ventral abdomen (drain blood back to body)

Question 13

Bitch # Mammary Glands

Answer 13

10

Question 14

Queen # Mammary Glands

Answer 14

8

Question 15

Cow # Mammary Glands

Answer 15

4 (2 quarters on each side) (udder)

Question 16

Mare # Mammary Glands

Answer 16

2

Question 17

Accessory/supernumerary teats

Answer 17

extra teats in male or female, usually nonfunctional

Question 18

Mastitis

Answer 18

inflammation of the mammary gland (costly in bovine)

Question 19

Milking out

Answer 19

complete emptying of quarter, done with mastitis treatment (+ systemic/local antibiotics)

Question 20

Dry period

Answer 20

2 months before birth, out of production

Question 21

Tumors in Canines/Felines

Answer 21

C: 50% malignant, reduce risk of malignant mammary tumors in dogs spayed prior to first heat to 0.05%, 8% after one heat, 25% after second heat
F: 85% malignant, reduce risk by 91% by spaying before 6 mon,14% at 1 year

Question 22

Colostrum

Answer 22

secretion first few (1-3) days after birth, contains antibodies and essential nutrients necessary

Question 23

Absorption of colostrum by species

Answer 23

Puppy – best within 6 hrs. Can be up to 24 hrs
Kitten – best within 6 hrs. Can be up to 16 hrs
Calf – best within 6 hrs. Can be up to 24 hrs
Foal – best within 6 hrs. Can be up to 12 – 24 hr

Question 24

Sebaceous glands

Answer 24

glands that produce oil (sebum)

Question 25

External auditory meatus

Answer 25

passageway from pinna to ear drum (external ear canal)

Question 26

Tympanic Membrane

Answer 26

separates external ear from internal ear portions; ear drum, vibrates with sound waves

Question 27

Auricular Hematoma

Answer 27

occurs in dogs and cats due ot trauma that ruptures blood vessels between cartilage within pinna

Question 28

Otitis Externa

Answer 28

inflammation of external ear canal (dogs and cats)

treatment : lateral ear resection (remove vertical ear)

Question 29

Cerumen

Answer 29

ear wax, brown waxy material secreted by glands in the external auditory meatus

Question 30

Hematoma

Answer 30

rupture of the small blood vessels under the skin of the pinna → bleeding between the skin and the cartilage → accumulation of blood
(abnormal accumulation of free blood between the cartilage and skin of the pinna

Question 31

Other Specialized Glands

Answer 31

Caudal (carnivores) - dorsal base of tail
Ceruminous - external ear canal, ear wax to protect tympanic membrane
Circumoral/perioral (cats) - marking
Anal Sac Glands (carnivores) - marking, 8 and 4 at anus
Horn glands (ruminants)
Preputal - secretion in penile shealth (horse)