Skeletal System (Lecture)

Question 1

Rigid body tissue consisting of cells embedded in an abundant hard intercellular material

Answer 1

Bones

Question 2

What are the two types of bone tissue and their characteristics?

Answer 2

Compact bone - homogeneous
Spongy bone - small needle like pieces of bone, has many open spaces

Question 3

Reduces friction and model for bone formation

Answer 3

Cartilage

Question 4

Ligaments

Answer 4

bone to bone

Question 5

Tendons

Answer 5

Muscle to bone

Question 6

It separates muscles to bone adjacent elements of the skeletal system

Answer 6

Joints

Question 7

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 7

Body support - bone, cartilage, ligaments

Organ protection

Body movement - skeletal muscle attach to bones by tendons / contraction of skeletal muscles moves the bone

Mineral storage - calcium, phosphorus, adipose tissue or fat

Blood cell production - bone cavities are filled with red bone marrow

Question 8

It produces blood cells and platelets

Answer 8

Red bone marrow

Question 9

What do you call to the immovable joints that connect cranial bones?

Answer 9

Sutures

Question 10

What are the 4 principal sutues?

Answer 10

Coronal
Sagittal
Lambdoid
Squamous

Question 11

What are the 3 main regions of temporal bone?

Answer 11

Squamous
Tympanic
Petrous

Question 12

What are the 2 processes in the temporal bone?

Answer 12

Mastoid process
Styloid process

Question 13

Zygomatic process, zygomatic bone, mandibular fossa - the attachment site of mandible

Answer 13

Squamous part

Question 14

Has the prominent external auditory canal (external acoustic meatus)

Answer 14

Tympanic part

Question 15

Extends inward toward the center of the skull. thick, bony ridge that houses the middle and inner ears

Answer 15

Petrous

Question 16

Makes up the majority of the skulls posterior wall and base

Answer 16

Occipital bone

Question 17

What’s the prominent feature of the occipital bone?

Answer 17

Foramen magnum
Occipital condyles

Question 18

The opening where the brainstem connects to the spinal cord

Answer 18

Foramen Magnum

Question 19

Two rounded projections on either side of the foramen magnum

Answer 19

Occipital condyles

Question 20

Points of attachment for several neck muscles that move the head

Answer 20

Nuchal lines

Question 21

A single bone that extends completely across the skull and somewhat resembles a butterfly

Answer 21

Spenoid bone

Question 22

The central region of the spenoid bone which is modified to resemble a structure of a saddle

Answer 22

Sella turcica

Question 23

It contains the pituitary gland

Answer 23

Spenoid bone

Question 24

Very porous, fragile bone
Centrally located
Forms the nasal septum, large portion of nasal cavity, medial wall of orbits

Answer 24

Ethmoid bone (ehtmos -sieve)

Question 25

Prominent ridge of the bone Attachment site for brain meninges

Answer 25

Crista galli

Question 26

Found on each side of the crista galli - Houses olfactory bulbs - Contains numerous

Answer 26

Cribriform plate

Question 27

Allow olfactory nerves to enter the nasal cavity

Answer 27

Olfactory foramina

Question 28

Forms the superior portion the nasal septum - divides the nasal cavity into right and left halves

Answer 28

Perpendicular plate

Question 29

Zygomatic bone

Answer 29

Cheekbones

Question 30

What forms the maxilla?

Answer 30

Upper jaw Roof of the mouth Center of the face

Question 31

Have the horizontal plates that fuse centrally to form the posterior portion of the hard palate

Answer 31

Palatine bones

Question 32

Smallest of the skull bones House the depression through which the nasolacrimal duct enters the nasolacrimal canal, joining the orbits and nasal cavity

Answer 32

Lacrimal bones

Question 33

Form the bridge of the nose

Answer 33

Nasal bones

Question 34

One of the three conchae in the nasal cavity that provide increased surface area

Answer 34

Inferior nasal conchae

Question 35

Forms the posterior portion of the nasal septum

Answer 35

Vomer

Question 36

Important for speech and swallowing The only bone in the body that is not directly attached to another bone, muscles and ligaments attach it to the skull

Answer 36

Hyoid bone

Question 37

It is the only skull bone that is freely movable

Answer 37

Mandible

Question 38

Passage of nerves and blood bessels to the chin

Answer 38

Mental foramen

Question 39

How many bones are there in the vertebral column? Name them

Answer 39

26 bones Cervical curvature - C1-C7 Thoracic curvature T1- T12 Lumbar curvature L1- L5 Sacrum Coccyx

Question 40

Curves anteriorly

Answer 40

Cervical region Lumbar

Question 41

Curves posteriorly

Answer 41

Lumbar, sacral and coccygeal

Question 42

What are the general features of vertebrae?

Answer 42

Vertebral body Vertebral arch Vertebral process

Question 43

It is the solid bondy disc of each vertebra that supports the body's weigth

Answer 43

Vertebral body

Question 44

Protects the spinal cord

Answer 44

Vertebral arch

Question 45

Occupies spinal cord

Answer 45

Vetebral foramen

Question 46

What are the various processes

Answer 46

Transverse process Spinous process

Question 47

It extends from each side of the arch between the lamina and pedicle

Answer 47

Transverse process

Question 48

Lies at the junction between the two laminae

Answer 48

Spinous process

Question 49

Support only the weight of the head - small bodies

Answer 49

Cervical vertebrae

Question 50

What are the two vertebrae

Answer 50

Atlas Axis

Question 51

Least movable of the five regions

Answer 51

Thoracic vertebrae

Question 52

Supports the majority of the body's weight

Answer 52

Lumbar vertebrae

Question 53

Located between the two hip bone

Answer 53

Sacrum

Question 54

Opening that terminates vertebral canal; common anesthesia injection site

Answer 54

Sacral hiatus