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HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY > DIGESTIVE SYSTEM LAB > Flashcards

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM LAB Flashcards

1
Q

consists of digestive tract or
gastrointestinal and specific
associated organs

A

digestive system

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2
Q

The specific portions of the digestive tract

A

a) oral cavity or mouth
b) pharynx or throat
c) esophagus
d) stomach
e) small intestine and large intestine
f) anus

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3
Q

The specific associated organs of the digestive tract

A

a) salivary glands
b) liver
c) pancreas

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4
Q

what are the processes of the mouth

A
  • Mastication (chewing) of food
  • Mixing masticated food with saliva
  • Initiation of swallowing by the tongue
  • Allowing for the sense of taste
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5
Q

not part of the digestive system

A

Nasopharynx

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6
Q

posterior to oral cavity

A

Oropharynx

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7
Q

below the oropharynx and connected to the esophagus

A

laryngopharynx

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8
Q

Runs from pharynx to stomach through
the diaphragm

A

esophagus

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9
Q
  • Conducts food by peristalsis
    (slow rhythmic squeezing)
  • Passageway for food only (respiratory
    system branches off after the pharynx)
A

esophagus

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10
Q

where does the food enters?

A

at the cardio esophageal
sphincter

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11
Q

major site of digestion and absorption

A

small intestine

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12
Q

Site of nutrient absorption into the blood

A

small intestine

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13
Q

Muscular tube extending form the
pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve

A

small intestine

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14
Q

what are the subdivisions of the small intestine?

A

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

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15
Q

*Attached to the stomach and curves around the head of the pancreas

A

duodenum

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16
Q

Attaches anteriorly to the duodenum

A

jejunum

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17
Q

Extends from jejunum to large intestine

A

ileum

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18
Q

Larger in diameter, but shorter than the
small intestine and frames the internal abdomen

A

large intestine

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19
Q

the large intestine is consist of

A
  • cecum
  • colon
  • rectum
  • anal canal
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20
Q

absorption of water and eliminates indigestible food from the body as feces

A

large intestine

21
Q

it does not participate in digestion of food

A

large intestine

22
Q

it produce mucus to act as a lubricant

A

goblet cells

23
Q

it produces glands

A

saliva

24
Q

it is located anterior to ears

A

parotid galnds

25
Q

Produces a wide spectrum of digestive enzymes that break down all categories of food

A

pancreas

26
Q

what are the endocrine products of pancreas?

A

insulin and glucagons

27
Q

Largest internal organ of the
body and it is located on the right side of
the body under the
diaphragm

A

liver

28
Q

Consists of four lobes suspended from the
diaphragm and abdominal wall by the falciform
ligament

A

liver

29
Q

what are the two sources of liver that receives blood?

A

hepatic artery
hepatic portal vein

30
Q

-delivers oxygenated blood to the liver

A

hepatic artery

31
Q

carries nutrient-rich blood from the
digestive tract to the liver

A

hepatic portal vein

32
Q

hexagon-shaped regions surrounded by connective tissue septa and defined by a portal
triad at each corner and a central vein in the center of the lobule

A

hepatic lobules

33
Q

small sac on the inferior surface of the liver that stores concentrated bile

A

gall bladder

34
Q

Bile is introduced into the duodenum in the presence of fatty food

A

gall bladder

35
Q

it can cause blockage

A

gallstones

36
Q

a region containing a branch of the hepatic artery, a branch of the hepatic portal vein, and a bile duct

A

triad

37
Q

Connected to the gall bladder via the common hepatic duct

A

liver

38
Q

Alkaline fluid introduced with enzymes
neutralizes acidic chyme

A

pancreas

39
Q

it is lined with simple columnar
epithelium

A

mucosa

40
Q

small intestine is suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by the _____

A

mesentry

41
Q

Layers of the gastrointestinal tract

A

Mucosa
Submusosa
Muscularis
Serosa or adventitia

42
Q

Liver units

A

Lobules

43
Q

Functional cells of the liver

A

Hepatocytes

44
Q

the portal triads

A

Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery
Hepatic duct

45
Q

Located on the left side of the abdominal cavity

A

Stomach

46
Q

In the pancreas, where is the enzyme secreted?

A

Duodenum

47
Q

Breakdown of ingested food

A

Digestion

48
Q

Passage of nutrients into the blood

A

Absorption

49
Q

Production of cellular energy ATP

A

Metabolism

HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY WITH PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (11 decks)

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