Integumentary System Flashcards
the superficial layer of the skin, consisting of stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Epidermis
reduces water loss through the skin
Epidermis
protects against the potential damage from abrasion on the skins surface
Epidermis
what are the functions of epidermis
- protects against the potential damage from abrasion
- reduces water loss through the skin
contains no blood vessels = avascular region
Epidermis
what are the cells of epidermis
keratinocytes
melanocytes
langerhan cells
merkel cells
produce a protein mixture (keratin)
keratinocytes
produces the pigment melanin
melanocytes
it is part of the immune system
Langerhan cells
it is a specialized epidermal cells associated with the nerve end responsible for detecting light and superficial presuure
merkel cells
what are the five strata of epidermis
stratum corneum
startum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
It is the outermost layer of the epidermis and it is keratinized
Stratum corneum
present only in thick skin
appears transparent
disperses keratohyalin around keratin fibers
Stratum lucidum
contains a waterproofing glycolipid and others contain subunits of keratin
Stratum granulosum
also known as spiny layer
stratum spinosum
it is the deepest layer of the epidermis where tissues are continuous to divide
stratum basale (stratum germinativum)
has all five strata of epidermis
thick skin
covers the rest of the body, more flexible than thick skin, and hair is found only in this..
thin skin
is it generally absent in thin skin
Stratum lucidum
Irregular shaped cells with many long processes that extend between the keratinocytes of the stratum basale and stratum spinosum
Melanocytes
A recessive genetic trait that results from an inability to produce tyrosinase
Albinism
What is carotene?
a yellow pigment found in plants (carrots and corn)
A condition in which the skin turns to a reddish hue when the amount of blood flowing through the skin increases
Erythema
A bluish skin color following a decrease in blood flow
Cyanosis
For pain, itch, tickle, and temperature sensations
Free nerve ending
For light touch
Hair follicle receptors
For deep pressure
Pacinian corpuscle
For detecting simultaneous stimulation at two points on the skin
Meissner corpuscle
For sensing continuous touch or pressure
Ruffini end organs
what are the tissue layers of dermis
Papillary
Reticular
what are the cells of the dermis
Fibroblast
Adipocytes
Macrophages
collagen, elastic and reticular
Fibers
a connective tissue that contains blood vessels that allow for nutrients and waste exchange to the cells
Dermis
projections on the upper part of the dermis which extend toward dermis
Dermal papillae
Loose connective tissue with thin fibers
Papillary layer
Dense irregular connective tissue and it is the main layer of the dermis
Reticular layer
Lines that are visible through the epidermis when the skin is overstretched and damages the dermis
Stretch marks
A layer of loose connective tissue with collagen and elastic fiber
Hypodermis (Subcutaneous tissue)
Types of hair and its classification
Lanugo Hair
-delicate, unpigmented
-developed and covered the fetus by the fifth or sixth month of fetal development
Terminal hair
- long, coarse, and pigmented
-replace the lanugo of the scalp, eyelids and eyebrows near time of birth
Vellus Hair
- short, fine, unpigmented
- replace the lanugo and the rest of the body
