RESPIRATORY SYSTEM LEC Flashcards

1
Q

consists of the structures used to acquire oxygen (O2 ) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2 ) from the blood

A

respiratory system

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2
Q

it is required for the body’s cells to synthesize the chemical energy molecule, ATP

A

oxygen

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3
Q

a by-product of ATP production and must be removed from the blood

A

carbon dioxide

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4
Q

it must be maintained within relatively narrow limits to maintain homeostasis

A

blood pH

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5
Q

what will happen if there is an increase levels of CO2?

A

it will lower the pH of the blood

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6
Q

encloses the chamber for air inspiration. Although air can be inspired through the mouth, the mouth is part of the digestive system rather than the respiratory system.

A

external nose

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7
Q

a cleaning, warming, and humidifying chamber for inspired air

A

nasal cavity

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8
Q

commonly called the throat. It serves as a shared passageway for food and air

A

pharynx

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9
Q

frequently called the voice box. Its rigid structure helps keep the airway constantly open, or patent

A

larynx

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10
Q

commonly known as the windpipe. It serves as an air-cleaning tube to funnel inspired air to each lung

A

trachea

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11
Q

tubes that direct air into the lungs

A

bronchi

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12
Q

a labyrinth of air tubes and a complex network of air sacs, called alveoli, and capillaries

A

lungs

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13
Q

The air sacs are separated by

A

walls of connective tissue containing both collagenous and elastic fibers

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14
Q

what is the major function of the respiratory system?

A

to supply the body with oxygen and to dispose of carbon dioxide

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15
Q

what are the four distinct events in the respiratory system?

A

pulmonary ventilation
external respiration
respiratory gas transport

internal respiration

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16
Q

moving air in and out of the lungs

A

pulmonary ventilation

17
Q

gas exchange between pulmonary blood and alveoli

A

external respiration

18
Q

transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide via the bloodstream

A

respiratory gas transport

19
Q

gas exchange between blood and tissue cells in systemic capillaries

A

internal respiration

20
Q

two phases in the pulmonary ventilation

A

inspiration
expiration

21
Q

a phase in pulmonary ventilation that flow of air into the lung

A

inspiration

22
Q

a phase in pulmonary ventilation that air is leaving the lungs

A

expiration

23
Q

in inspiration what organ/s contracts?

A

diaphragm and intercostal muscles

24
Q

Largely a passive process which depends on natural lung elasticity

A

expiration

25
as the muscles relax, what is being pushed out of the lungs?
air
26
it can occur mostly by contracting internal intercostal muscles to depress the rib cage
forced expiration
27
Can be caused by reflexes or voluntary actions
Nonrespiratory Air Movements
28
Sounds are monitored with a stethoscope
respiratory sounds
29
produced by air rushing through trachea and bronchi
bronchi sounds
30
soft sounds of air filling alveoli
vesicular breathing sounds
31
physical factors influencing respiratory rate and depth
Increased body temperature Exercise Talking Coughing Volition (conscious control) Emotional factors
32
33
chemical influencing respiratory rate and depth
Carbon dioxide levels oxygen levels