skeletal system Flashcards
5 function of bones?
- form framework to support movement
- protects vital organs
- attach to muscles to provide movement
- help produce red & white blood cells
- store calcium supply in body
8 bones that form cranium
(1) frontal , (2) parietal , (2) temporal , (1) ethmoid, (1) occipital, (1) sphenoid
frontal bone (cranium)
forms forehead, orbital roof, anterior cranial floor
parietal bone (cranium)
roof / upper side of cranium
temporal bone (cranium)
forms side and base of cranium
ethmoid bone (cranium)
part of orbit floor of cranium
occipital bone (cranium)
forms the back/ base of cranium
sphenoid bone (cranium)
forms anterior base of skull and part of wall of orbit
26 vertebrae?
protect spinal cord and support head/trunk of body
what are the 26 vertebrates?
7 cervical (neck) , 12 thoracic (chest) , 5 lumbar (lower back), 1 sacrum (back/ pelvic girdle) , 1 coccyx (tail bone)
true ribs?
first 7 ribs, attached to sternum (breastbone)
false ribs?
next 3 ribs, attached to the cartilage of rib
floating ribs?
last 2 ribs, no attachment to the front of the body
small piece of cartilage attached to the sternum?
xiphoid process
three regions on each os coxae?
Illium, ischium, and pubis.
3 types of joints
diarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, synarthrosis
diarthrosis degree of movement? example?
- freely movable
- ball socket on shoulder
amphiarthrosis degree of movement? example?
- slightly movable
- attachment of rib to thoraci
synarthrosis degree of movement? example?
- immovable
- cranium
purpose of ligaments?
tissue that connects bone to bone.
arthritis?
inflammation of joints
fracture?
crack or break in bone
osteomyelitis?
bone inflammation
osteoporosis?
bones become brittle/ fragile from loss of tissue
sprain?
twisting actions tears ligaments of joints
bursitis?
inflammation of a bursae
dislocation?
bone forcibly displaces from joint
scoliosis?
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
what body parts are the long bones?
bones in legs and arms
what do the long bones do? why important?
- provide support and strength
- important because red and yellow marrow
wheres red marrow found? what dose it do?
- found in proximal end of humerus (arm) and femur (leg) as well as vertebrae, ribs, cranium and sternum.
- makes RBC’s, platelets and some WBC’s
whats blood made up of?
48% RBC’s, 2% WBC’s, 50% plasma
yellow marrow?
fat cells
whats the skull used for? made up of?
- provides protection for are brain
- its made up of cranial bones and facial bones
how many bones make up the skull?
eight bones
sutures
area where cranial bones join together
whats the vertebral spinal column?
26 bones that make up the vertebral column, they protect the spinal cord and support the head and trunk of body
what are pads between vertebrates do?
act as disks as shock absorbers, allows you to twist and bend
joints?
area where two bones attach for purpose of motion in the body
greenstick fracture?
when the bone is bent, mostly in kids
comminuted fracture?
when bones shattered into a bunch of pieces
impacted fracture?
the ends of bone are driven into each other
pathologic fracture?
caused by disease that weekends the bones
grout?
type of arthritis that forms when too much uric acid builds up in the body, joints inflame and swell up alot
bursitis?
inflammation of a small fluid sac that’s surrounding the joint.
ruptured disk
when disk slips out of place and puts pressure on the spinal cord
