Skeletal system 3

Question 1

A joint(articulation)

Answer 1

A point of contact between bones, cartilage, teeth and bones that gives mobility and holds the skeleton togethrr

Question 2

True or False

All joints permit some degreee of movement

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The functional classification

Answer 3

Of joints determines how much the joint can move

The 3 types of joints
Synarthroses-can’t move
Ampihiarthroses
Diarthroses

Question 4

Practice joint slides

Question 5

The structural classification

Answer 5

Of joints describe what materials binds them together
There are 3 types;
- fibrous joints
- cartilage joints
- synovial joints

Question 6

Fibrous Joints

Answer 6

Joints connected by dense connective tissue
Examples:
Suture-in skull
Syndesmosis-connects bones to short ligaments
Gomphosis- connects teeth to jaw bones

Question 7

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 7

Joints connected by cartilage
Examples:
Synchindrosis-hyaline cartilage
Symphysis-fibrocartilage

Question 8

General features of synovial joints

Answer 8

1. Joints are covered by hyalin cartilage to prevent bone crushing
2. Joint cavity is a fluid filled space that has the synovial fluid between the bones
   They also contain accessory liganents(support), menisci(shock absorber) and bursae(reduces friction)

Question 9

True or False
All synovial joints are diarthrotic

Answer 9

True:
Although they are restricted by their range of motion

Question 10

The range of motion in synovial joints include

Answer 10

Nonaxial: slipping movements(waving)
Uniaxial: movement in 1 plane
Biaxial: movement in 2 planes
Multi axial : movement in or around 3 planes

Question 11

The type of movement in synovial joints include

Answer 11

• gliding
• angular movements
• rotation

Question 12

Gliding

Answer 12

A flat bottom that glides over another similar surface
E.g Intercarpal and intertarsal joints

Question 13

Angular

Answer 13

An increased/decreased angle between 2 bones in the sagittal and frontal plane
Flexion and Adduction: decreased angle of the joint
Extension/Abduction: increased angle of the joint

Question 14

Rotation

Answer 14

The turning of a bone around its own long axis

Question 15

True or False

Movement at the hip joint does not have as wide a of range of motion as the shoulder joint

Answer 15

True

Question 16

3 factors to determine the stability of synovial joints

Answer 16

• shape of the articular shape
• ligament number and location
• muscle tone

Question 17

Synovial joints

Answer 17

Are classified based on the shape of articulating surface
The shape determines how the joint moves

Question 18

Plane joint

Answer 18

• articular surface is flash and only allows short slipping/gliding movements

Question 19

Hinge joint

Answer 19

• the cylindrical end of I bone fits in the trough surface of another bone
  • movement is uniaxial
  Eg. Elbow joints

Question 20

Condyloid joint

Answer 20

A concave surface that articulates with a convex surface
- movement is biaxial
Eg. Knuckles, wrist joints

Question 21

Ball and socket joint

Answer 21

A spherical head of 1 bone fits into a round socket of another
- movement is multiaxial
Eg. Shoulder joints

Question 22

Saddle joint

Answer 22

• each articulating surface has both convex and concave areas(LEGO hands linking together)
• movement is biaxial
  Eg. Carpometacarpal joints in the thumb

Question 23

Pivot joints

Answer 23

• the rounded edge of 1 bone fits into the sleeve/ring of another bone
• movement is uniaxial
  Eg. Proximal radioulnar joints

Question 24

Which of the following forms of exercise is best for joints?
A. jogging
B. swimming
C. weightlifting
D. aerobics
E. cycling

Answer 24

B

Question 25

Tech used on the skeletal system

Answer 25

Clinical technologies are used to access, diagnose, and treat conditions of the skeletal system

Question 26

Dual-energy X-ray abosorptimetry scan(DEXA)

Answer 26

is used to measure bone density.
• used by a medical radiographer
• uses low and high energy levels
• results are represented as a T-score, which compares an individual’s bone density to that of a young, healthy adult

Question 27

Bone Scan

Answer 27

Also known as bone scintigraphy
Used for diagnosing bone fractures, inflammation and cancer
- used by nuclear medicine technologists

Question 28

Arthroscopy

Answer 28

A surgical procedure that is used for inspecting cartilage, ligaments, tendons, menisci and other structures
- used by an orthopaedic surgeon