Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

functions of skeletal system

A
  1. support and protect soft tissues
  2. provide points of attachment for muscles
  3. store inorganic salts(calcium)
  4. house blood-producing cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

tissues in bones

A
  1. bone tissue
  2. cartilage
  3. dense connective tissue
  4. blood and nervous tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

four kinds of bones

A

long
flat
short
irregular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

articulate

A

to form a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

at end of long bone, forms a joint with another bone

A

epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

coats the epiphysis with a layer of hyaline cartilage

A

articular cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

shaft of the bone

A

diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

widening part of the bone between the diaphysis and the epiphysis

A

metaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

tough covering of dense connective tissue that covers the bone
-helps form/repair bone tissue

A

periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

tightly packed tissue, no gaps

A

compact bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

thin layers of compact bone, found in epiphysis(end of bone)

A

spongy bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

branching bony plates

A

trabeculae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

semirigid tube with a hollow chamber

A

medulary cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how is the medullary cavity formed?

A

formed by compact bone in the diaphysis of a long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

thin membrane containing bone forming cells

A

endosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

soft connective tissue

A

marrow

17
Q

projection at the point of attachment

A

process

18
Q

extraceullular matrix composed of

A

collagen

inorganic salts

19
Q

osteocytes

A

transports nutrients and wastes to nearby cells by passing through canaliculi

20
Q

gives bone strength

A

function of collagen

21
Q

make bone hard, make bone resistant to crushing

A

inorganic salts

22
Q

central canal contains

A

blood vessels/ nerve fibers, surrounded by loose connective tissue

23
Q

how do bones form

A

bone tissue replaces connective tissue

24
Q

flat bones of the skull

A

intramembranous bones

25
Q

bone forming cells

A

osteoblasts

26
Q

process of replacing connective tissue to form an intramembranous bone

A

intramebranous ossification

27
Q

osteoclasts resorb bone tissue and osteoblasts replace th ebone

A

bone remodeling

28
Q

factors influencing bone development, growth, and repair

A
  • nutrition(Vitamins A, D, C)
  • exposure to sunlight(vitamin D)
  • hormonal secretions
  • physical exercise/physical stress
29
Q

90% of protein that is part of a bone

A

collagen

30
Q

stimulates division of cartilage cells in the epiphyseal plates

A

growth hormone

31
Q

Why do females reach their maximum height earlier than males?

A

Estrogen has a stronger effect than testosterone on the epiphyseal plates

32
Q

Why do athletes have stronger bones?

A

Skeletal muscles contracting pulls at the attachment go bone and the stress stimulates the bone tissue to thicken and strengthen

33
Q

process of blood cell formation

A

hematopoisesis

34
Q

two types of marrow

A

red-red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets form
yellow-stores fat and does not produce blood cells

35
Q

location of yellow marrow in adult

A

skull, vertebrae, hipbones, sternum

36
Q

results from loss of bone mineral

A

osteoporosis

37
Q

human body requires calcium for

A
  • muscle cell contraction
  • nerve impulse contraction
  • blood clot formation
38
Q

bone tissue contains…(other than calcium and phosphorus)

A

magnesium
sodium
potassium