Anatomy of the human brain Flashcards
- largest part of the brain
- controls higher brain functions, interprets sensory impulses, initiates muscular movements, stores memory
cerebrum
connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord
brainstem
- bulge on the underside of the brainstem that contains masses of gray matter and nerve fibers
- relays impulses between the medulla oblongata and cerebrum
- helps regulate rate and depth of breathing
pons
- contains cardiac and respiratory control centers
- enlarged continuation of the spinal cord
- contains gray matter and nerve fibers
medulla oblongata
- “little brain”
- smaller structure under the base and back of the brain
- communicates with other parts of the CNS by tracks
- coordinates muscle activities and maintains posture
cerebellum
valley
sulcus
hill
gyrus
large deep groove or indentation running downward from the midpoint of the top of the brain; it separates the parietal and frontal lobes
central sulcus
large deep groove or indentation running horizontally from front of brain back midway that separates forebrain from midbrain or that separates the partial and temporal lobes
lateral sulcus
- association areas carry on planning, problem solving, judging the consequences of behavior, intellectual processes
- cognition, behavior, emotion
frontal lobe
integration of sensory information from primary sensory areas
parietal lobe
association areas interpret sensory experiences and remember scenes, music, etc.
-memory and emotions
temporal lobe
association areas combine visual images with other sensory experiences
occipital lobe
motor areas control movements of voluntary skeletal muscle
frontal lobe
sensory areas provide sensations of temperature, touch, pressure, and pain involving skin
parietal lobe
sensory areas are responsible for hearing
temporal lobe
sensory areas are responsible for vision
occipital lobe
perception of touch from surface of body
somatosensory cortex
final output form brain to spinal cord for voluntary control of muscular movement
primary motor cortex
planning of movement
premotor cortex
perception of vision, first input from eyes
primary visual cortex
input from ears
primary auditory cortex
- generates the complex muscular actions of the mouth, tongue
- makes speech possible
motor speech/broca’s area
important for understanding and formulating written and spoken language
sensory speech/wernicke’s area