Sinusitis Flashcards
Differentiate Btwn the locations of a frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, maxillary sinus headaches
Frontal- frontal area above eyes
Ethmoidal- frontal HA that is described as splitting and pain behind eyes
Sphenoidal- frontal and occipital
Maxillary- maxillary area under eyes, frontal headache, toothache
Differentiate Btwn sinusitis and sinus headache
Sinusitis- acute/chronic/ recurrent inflamm of mucous membranes in the para nasal sinuses due to viral/bacterial/allergic/ structural obstruction/ fungal/ intolerance to medicine.
Sinus HA: painful HA accompanying a sinusitis where location and quality are define by location and max sinus irritation
What do the sinuses serve to do?
- lighten weigh of head
- give resonance to voice
- additional surface area for the sticky, mucous membrane lining to trap pathogens during inhalation
What do all sinusitis have in common? What is not always present there?
Inflamm of mucous membranes always
Infection not always
Explain viral/bacterial sinusitis: what is a key feature? What is a common cause? What does the mucous look like? What other symptoms or complications if untreated?
Key feature is a preexistant infection such as cold or flu Can be caused by dental work Mucous is thick, sticky, green or yellow Malaise and fever and chills Osteomyelitis or meningitis if untreated
Allergic sinusitis/ rhinitis- what are some common culprits? What are the symptoms?
Seasonal: hay fever and wind borne pollens
Onset of itchy eyes, roof of mouth, pharynx and eyes with nasal congestion, sneezy, watery eyes, frontal HA
Clear watery nasal discharge
What are the most common structural obstructions?
Deviated septum or nasal polyps
Who is most susceptible to fungal infections? How is it treated?
The immune supressed. Iv therapy and surgery bc can be fatal.
Explain medication intolerance as it pertains to sinusitis.
Inflamm of sinuses but not infection
What causes rebound sinus headache?
Too much chronic use of nasal sprays
A fever may be present with sinusitis. T/f?
True- mx is completely CI if present
What is some testing for sinusitis?
Af rom of c spine and tmj- fwd flex may be painful and movement will e restricted
Flexing head will increase pressure on sinuses
Check if one side of nose more congested
What is the medical tx for bacterial sinusitis?
Bacterial- antibiotics Steam inhalators and humidifiers Nasal spray vasoconstrictors Inhalation anti inflamm such as corricostereoid nasal sprays Maxilarry sinus surgery
What is the treatment for allergic sinusitis?
Oral antihistamines- can raise Bp so monitor
Gluco corticosteroids
Chromolyn sodium by nasal spray to block mast cells
What is the sinusitis tx for immunosuppressed Px?
Iv administered medication
