Infant

Question 0

When do infants become more acute to external stimuli?

Answer 0

Btwn 3-6 mo

Question 1

What is “in utero” posture and when is it generally adopted?

Answer 1

Legs arms and head flexed in fetal position, btwn 0-3 months

Question 2

Where are premies held in?

Answer 2

NICU- neonatal intensive care unit

Question 3

Name some of the neonatal reflexes:

Answer 3

Moro/startle
Sucking
Rooting
Grasp
Babinski
Blink
Withdrawal
Tonic neck (r arm and leg out, L side flex, to help with active labour)

Question 4

What are some effects of touch therapy on premies?

Answer 4

• decrease cortisol levels
• increase serum insulin levels and insulin like growth factor
• increase activity in hypothalamus
• increased vagal tone

Question 5

Define spina bifida and describe the 4 different types.

Answer 5

Spina bifida- frolic acid deficiency during pregnancy which causes incomplete closure of the vertebral arch of the spinal cord.

1) occult spinal dysraphism
2) occulta
3) meningocele
4) myelomeningocele

Question 6

Which is the mildest form of spina bifida?

Answer 6

Occult spinal dysraphism

Question 7

Which is the most common form of spina bifida?

Answer 7

Occulta- meaning hidden bc most ppl don’t know they have it

Question 8

Which is the most severe form of spina bifida?

Answer 8

Myelomeningocele- sac protrudes externally and there is a fluid filled sac over the vertebrae. Surgery necessary.

Question 9

Explain the name meningocele and how it pertains to it’s characteristic of spina bifida

Answer 9

There is a tender nerve and a fluid filled sac that forms but no nerve damage

Question 10

What could be some causes of Infant colic?

Answer 10

Allergies, lactose intolerance, anxiety, feeding, undeveloped digestive system

Question 11

What causes jaundice in newborns and what condition can it turn into if left untreated?

Answer 11

Caused from buildup of bilirubin. Kernicterus- long term untreated,severe brain damage

Question 12

What is milia? What causes it?

Answer 12

Tiny white bumps around nose, chin and cheeks. Cause by keratin deposits trapped beneath skin

Question 13

What are Epstein pearls?

Answer 13

Milia specific to gums and roof of mouth

Question 14

What is another name for infantile seborrheic dermatitis? What could be a cause of it?

Answer 14

Also called cradle crap- scaly patches on scalp. Mallassezia is a yeast that grows in sebum along with bacteria and is a possible cause.