Diabetes Flashcards
Differentiate Btwn type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Type 1/ IDDM/ juvenile diabetes:
-absolute insulin deficiency, ketosis, tx is always insulin injection, diet modification, general fitness and activity
Type 2: NIDDM/ adult onset
-no ketosis, some insulin produced but not enough to Lower blood glucose levels, usually clinically obese. Diet and exercise program
What hydro should you not do with diabetes?
Epsom salt foot bath or hot hydro. Salt is drying to skin and there is poor circulation
What special considerations must you take with old and new injection sites?
New are CI- will release too Much insulin and can they go into shock. By rubbing the damaged tissue you can cause necrosis.
Old- movement may be restricted by fascial restrictions. Advise them that you may release residual insulin into system tho unlikely and you have sugar on hand. And make sure you have emergency contact info just in case.
What about the feet for diabetes?
Also do skin scan first. No lotions or oils. No Epsom salts. No hot temperatures.
3 Ps of diabetes?
Polydipsia
Polyuria
Polyphasia
Peripheral neuropathies are a key component of diabetes so there may altered sensations.
T/F?
True
What is ketoacidosis? Who is at risk for it? What are the symptoms to watch out for?
Type 1 diabetics at risk. Excess glucose in blood stream but inability to metabolize sugar. Symptoms are nausea, vomiting, kussmaul respiration, coffee ground vomiting, lethargy, coma, death
What is gestational diabetes?
Intolerance to glucose that develops during pregnancy.
Name some chronic Complications of diabetes:
Peripheral neuropathies, casino toe reflex defects, impaired innervation to bladder, nephropathies, retinopathies, vascular complications, diabetic foot ulcers, peri arthritis and adhesive capsulitis, contracture stiffness and inflamm, reed sympathetic distrophy
Differentiate between a diabetic coma and insulin shock. What should you do when in doubt?
Diabetic coma- too much glucose relative to insulin ( happens over hours)
Insulin shock- too much insulin relative to glucose, happens quick- in minutes
When in doubt, give sugar. If no response within 10-20 min then coma so more time to get to hospital.
What are symptoms of diabetic coma/ insulin shock?
Slurred or hard to understand speech Delusional, unstable, violent Disoriented Cold/ sweaty Towards unconscious
What popular remedy for arthritis should be avoided if the person has diabetes?
Glucosamine bc it affects glucose/insulin levels
