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Afrikaans > Sinstrukture > Flashcards

Sinstrukture Flashcards

1
Q

What is Sv1TOMPv2I?

A

It is sentence structure.

  • Subject
  • verb 1
  • Time
  • Object
  • Manner
  • Place
  • v2
  • Infinitive
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2
Q

What is verlede tyd and the staring words?

A

Verlede tyd is past tense. There are 7 rules.

Gister, gisteraand, gisteroggend, verlede week, verlede maan, verlede jaar, die vorige…

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3
Q

What is the main rule of verlede tyd?

A

When you move the verb to the end of the sentence it goes before the infinitive, conjunction, before the “nie” AND BEFORE THE VERB ALREADY AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE

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4
Q

What is the first rule of verlede tyd?

A

Werkwoord at the end + ge en het.

If there is an infinitive, always put the verb before.

Eg. John jaag baie vinnig.

John het baie vinning gejaag

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5
Q

What is the second rule of verlede tyd?

A

Het + no ge

ge/be/her/er/ont/ver/mis

Eg. John verkies ‘n Honda

John het ‘n Honda verkies.

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6
Q

What is the third rule of verlede tyd?

A

The words change.

Wil - wou

Is - was

Sal - sou

Kan - kon

Mag - mog

Moet - moes

Eg. Ek is moeg

Ek was moeg

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7
Q

What is the fourth rule of verlede tyd?

A

There is already a het in the sentence. We add gehad.

Eg. Ek het baie boeke.

Ek het baie boeke gehad.

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8
Q

What is the fifth rule of verlede tyd?

A

There are 2 werkwoorde - at the same time.

We add one ge on the first verb

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9
Q

What is the sixth rule of verlede tyd?

A

There are 2 werkwoorde - not at the same time

Add two ge

Eg. Hy slaap and lees

Hy het geslaap en gelees

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10
Q

What is the seventh rule of verlede tyd?

A

Skeibare + Onskeibare

When there is a preposition as the last word (short). Add ge

Eg. John jaag die bult uit.

John het die bult uitgejaag

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11
Q

What is the additional rule of verlede tyd?

A

If the verb is hoor, sien, begin, laat, probeer, kom en gaan. There is a second verb at the end of the sentence. No ge.

Eg. Ek gaan rugby kyk.

Ek het rugby gaan kyk.

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12
Q

What is toekomende tyd? What are the starting words.

A

It is future tense. Use sal. The starting words are môre, môre oggend, môreaand, môremiddag, volgende week, volgende maand, volgende jaar en in die toekoms.

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13
Q

What is the first rule of toekomende tyd?

A

It is sal = werkwoord. Verb at end

Eg. Sy loop vinnig.

Sy sal vinnig loop.

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14
Q

What is the second rule of toekomende tyd?

A

If there is already a het add hê at the end.

Eg. Sy het ‘n kat

Sy sal ‘n kat hê

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15
Q

What is the third rule of toekomende tyd?

A

If there is an is add wees to the end.

Eg. Sy is stout.

Sy sal stout wee.

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16
Q

What is the fourth rule of toekomende tyd?

A

Skeibare and onskeibare - one word with verb.

Eg. John hou aan oefen.

John sal aanhou oefen.

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17
Q

What is the fifth rule of toekomende tyd?

A

Laat, kom, haar, voel, sien +ww.

Eg. Hy laat my sy kar ry.

Hy sal my sy kar laat ry

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18
Q

What is the sixth rule of toekomende tyd?

A

An helpwerkwoord + ww

Sy kan vinnig loop.

Sy sal vinning kan loop

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19
Q

What is the three basic rules?

A
  1. Drop punctuation
  2. Change pronouns
  3. Determine the type of sentence
20
Q

What are the three types of sentences?

A
  1. Stelsin . Statement
  2. Vraagsin ? Question
  3. Bevelsin ! command
21
Q

What is the magic word used for?

A

You add it to the beginning of the sentence

22
Q

What is the stelsin magic word?

A

Dat

23
Q

What is the vraagsin magic word?

A

Of, or the question word given

Eg. wie, waar, wat

24
Q

What is the bevelsin magic word?

A

Om… te verb

25
Q

What group is the magic words in and what does this mean?

A

The magic words are in group 3. This means the verbs go to the end.

26
Q

What are auxiliary verbs and what happens?

A

Auxiliary verbs come before the main verbs. Eg. Sal, moet, kan wil

27
Q

What words always start at the end? Mnemonic?

A

W(was), W(wees), W(word), H(het), I(is).

WWWHI

28
Q

What does ek change to?

A

Male: Hy

Female: Sy

29
Q

What does jy change to?

A

Male: Hy

Female: Sy

30
Q

What does my change to?

A

Male: Sy

Female: Haar

31
Q

What does myne change to?

A

Male: Syne

Female: Hare

32
Q

What does ons change to?

A

Male: Hulle

Female: Hulle

33
Q

What does julle change to?

A

Male: Hulle

Female: Hulle

34
Q

What is voegwoorde?

A

It is conjunctions. Affects the ver in the sentence after the conjunction. There is three groups.

35
Q

What is group 1 of voegwoorde? Name the words

A

Sin 1 - voegwoorde - sin 2

No change in word order

  • Maar, of, want, en, dog, sowel, as, nog, of, inteendeel, trouens
36
Q

What is group 2 of voegwoorde? Name the words

A

Sin 1 - voegwoorde - v1 - sin

No change in sin 1. Verb of second sin moves to the front

  • Dan, daarna, dus, daarom, dehalwe
  • Nogtans, nietemin
  • Al, anders
  • Toe, tog
  • Gevolglik
  • intussen
37
Q

What is group 3 of voegwoorde? Name the words

A

Sin 1 - voegwoorde - sin 2 - verb 1

No change in sentence 1

Verb of sin 2 moves to end of sentence

When you have toe en nadat make sentence past tense.

  • Dat, omdat, toldat, voordat, nadat, sodat, voordat,
  • Wie, waar, waarom, wanneer, wat hoekom, hoeveel, hoe
  • Aangesien, alhoewel, as, of, sodra, sedert, terwyl, toe, indien, mis
38
Q

What is ontkennende vorm?

A

It tells you that the sentence is negative. Add nee at the beginning. Add nie after verb and at the end of the sentence.

39
Q

What do you do with the vraagsin in ontkennende vorm?

A

Add nee. Swap the verb and the pronoun. Remove the?. Change pronouns.

Eg. Eet hulle?

Nee, hulle eet nie.

Eg. Hou jy van skool?

Nee, ek hou nie van skool nie.

40
Q

What are the spesiale reels? on

A

If v1 has a pronoun or proper noun directly after it, the nie goes after pronoun/proper noun.

Eg.1 Jane klap Cindy

Nee, Jane klap Cindy nie.

Eg.2 Ek roep hom

Nee, ek roep hom nie

41
Q

What are the woorde dat verander? ont

A

Takes place of the first nie. The second nie goes to the end. If there are double words we only negate the first one.

  • Iets - niks
  • Iemand - niemand
  • Êrens - nêrens
  • Altyd - nooit
  • ooit - nooit
  • Al - nog nie
  • nog - nie meer
  • al ooit - nog nooit
  • nog iets - niks meer
  • Een - geen
  • al iemand - nog niemand
  • òf … òf - nòg nòg
  • sowel … as - nòg nòg
  • alreeds - nog nie

Eg. Iemand sal die muis sien

Nee, niemand sal die muis sien nie

42
Q

What are the bevelsin in ont?

A

Ends with !

Swop v1 met moenie en sluit v1 na v2

If there is a moet add asseblief

Moet asseblief nie

Eg. Maak die deur toe!

Nee, moenie die deur toemaak nie.

43
Q

What is voegwoorde ont?

A

Geen nie’s

Add nog

Eg. Sara wil òf hardloop òf swem.

Nee, Sara wil nòg hardloop nòg swem.

44
Q

What is lydende vorm?

A

Another form of stompi

O, word, T, M, deur + S, P, ge + v2, I

Present tense using word, deur, ge

Word replaces v1 and makes it v2

45
Q

What are the steps for lydende vorm?

A

5 steps

Stap 1: verdeel sin in stompi

Stap 2: onderstreep die werkwoord

Stap 3: vervang met die lydende werkwoord

Stap 4: Plass word and deur

Stap 5: Begin met object

46
Q

What is the voornaamwoorde dat moet verander?

A
  • sy - haar
  • ek - my
  • jy - jou
  • hy - hom

Eg. Hy wen die prys.

Die prys word deur hom gewen

47
Q

What is the format of lydende vorm compared to STOMPI?

A
  • S - O
  • v1 - word
  • t - t
  • o - m
  • m - deur + s
  • p - p
  • v2 - ge + v2
  • i - i

Afrikaans (27 decks)

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