Since 1877 Test 2 Events and Terms Flashcards
1
Q
Election of 1912
A
- Woodrow Wilson Democrat WINS w/ 435 votes
- against Roosevelt (progressive), Taft (republican), Debs (socialist)
2
Q
Underwood Tariff
A
1913 passed during Wilson’s presidency; to reduce the tariff rates from 50% to 28%
3
Q
Federal Reserve
A
1913 passed during Wilson’s presidency; an effort to control monetary movement - today they regulate banks & raise or lower interest rates based on the economy
4
Q
Lusitania
A
- 128 Americans were killed; a ship departing from NY in 1915, during this voyage a German submarine torpedoed and sunk this ship
- Germany ultimately apologizes to US which leads us away from entering WWI for a little bit longer
5
Q
“he kept us out of war”
A
Woodrow Wilson’s slogan for his 2nd election against Hughs; referring to WWI
6
Q
Why US entered WWI
A
- January 1917 German sinking all British and American ships
- The Zimmerman Telegram
7
Q
Zimmerman note
A
- the British gets a hold of this note, it basically stated that German would ally with Mexico and ensure them land that was taken from US (new mexico, texas, cali)
8
Q
War to end all wars
A
- a term used for WWI by Wilson
9
Q
make the world safe for democracy
A
- April 2, 1917, Wilson went before Congress to seek a Declaration of War against Germany in order that the world “be made safe for democracy.”
- 4 days later, Congress voted to declare war
- in 1917 the war in Europe had already lasted two-and-a-half years; the war ended a year and a half later
10
Q
ACLU
A
- American Civil Liberties Union promoted unpopular speech; its focus was on freedom of speech, primarily for anti-war protesters
- During the 1920s, the ACLU expanded its scope to include protecting the free speech rights of artists and striking workers
11
Q
New technologies of WWI
A
- WWI was the 1st industrial war, including:
machine guns, poison gas (chemical warfare), air planes, artillery cannons that could shoot up to 19miles, barbed wires, submarines (mainly use by Germans)
12
Q
November 11, 1918
A
- WWI started in Aug. 1914
- US declares war in April 1917
- WAR ENDS in Nov. 11, 1918
13
Q
Influenza epidemic
A
1918-1919 (after the war) 40 to 50 million died
- a lot of young adults; no one knows why it was so deady
14
Q
The 14 points
A
- The peace treaty included 14 points (by Wilson) basically a new world order: #14 an organization/association of nations
- “The Treaty of Versailles” Wilson goes to France to dictate the peace terms:
- Germany will have to pay the allies for the war
- “war guilt” clause, which stated that the war was completely Germany’s fault
- Germany forced to give away most of their colonies to Britain and France (africa & asia)
15
Q
League of Nations
A
- Wilson included an association of the nations in the Treaty of Versailles when he went to France
- Wilson had to come back and convince the senate to ok the treaty, but they objected due to the League of Nations; they did not want to be involved in going to war if it was not on their own grounds or purpose
- b/c of this, the US the treaty never passes (US does not become part of the league of nations)
- Germany of course was not allowed to join
16
Q
Prohibition
A
- 1919 congress passed while Wilson was leaving office which outlawed alcoholic drinks
- this was repealed in 1933, it was the 18th amendment, the only amendment to get repealed
17
Q
“return to normalcy”
A
- during the election of 1920 (women first voting) with Warren Harding; this was his campaign slogan: meaning keeping stability & doing very little change
18
Q
The great migration
A
- 1915 to 1940 after WWI, a lot of people begin leaving the south (most African Americans) due to the bad economy
- factories up north needed workers due to no more immigrants coming in
- 1940 to 1970 SECOND migration
- blacks only allowed to live in certain areas in the north (no laws were actually passed, but it was practiced)
- there was also a lot of racial violence “Tulsa Race Riot of 1921” 39 killed; black man getting out of elevator accidentally stepped on a white woman’s foot, was dramatically escalated
19
Q
Harlem Renaissance
A
- known as the “New Negro Movement”, named after the 1925 anthology by Alain Locke
- The Movement included the new African-American cultural expressions across the urban areas in the north and west United States affected by the Great Migration,
- Harlem was the largest in Manhattan, New York City
- included Langston Hughes, poets and novelist who were befriended and sponsored by white intellectuals and published by white presses
20
Q
Scopes Monkey Trial
A
- 1925 as part of the Cultural Wars, Evolution was forbidden to be taught in public schools
- Clarence Darrow was prosecuted for teaching evolution; it was an idea set up to get the media’s attention on Tennessee
- 2 famous lawyers were even brought in including W. Jennings Bryan as the prosecutor
- Darrow was convicted, but the idea of evolution was widened, so in debate as to who won is based on the beholder
21
Q
Flappers and the role of woman
A
1920 Flappers were scandalous behavior from women; a lot of dancing, smoking, going out, started dressing more risky
- their jobs however still remained the same in the work place; it was considered more acceptable for single woman to work (phone operators, nurse); it was also legal to fire women if they became pregnant, got married, or a man needed their job
- woman fought to vote through hunger strikes; became the 19th amendment; by 1909 many western states began allowing women to vote, however in eastern states there was still no suffrage by 1919
- election of 1920 was the first woman voting
22
Q
Return and Fall of KKK
A
1915 to 1929 KKK becomes a powerful group, just not in the south
- it was a secret group with 2 to 4 million people by 1924
- their focus was anti immigrant (Catholics, Jews, Irish) and big on female purity and on prohibition (saw themselves as good for the community; very moral)
- 1924 Democrat tried to do a resolution; tried to rid the KKK, but failed
- the great depression ultimately stopped this group (including some scandals)
