simple distillation Flashcards
whats simple distillation used for
used to separate a solvent from a solution
eg pure water can be obtained from sea water
what dies simple distillation involve
followed by condesation (change from gas to liquid) mixture is placed in distillation flask and heated until solvent boils the vaporised solvent passes into the condenser where it cools and condenses and then is collected in a collection flask
whats the distillate
the liquid collected
look at the simple distillation diagram
look ho
whys the bulb of the thermometer opposite the exit of the condenser
so the temp of the exiting vapour can be recorded
whats fractional distillation
used to separate miscible liquids which have different boiling points
what does miscible
liquids that mix
eg alcohol and water
what does immiscible mean
liquids that dont mix
eg oil and water
name the change of state that happens in the distillation flask
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
what mixture is separated in fractional distillation
what about filtration
distillation?
crude oil
sand and water
salt water
how does distillation work
The mixture in the flask on the left is heated and the solvent (or the liquid with the lower boiling point in a mixture of liquids) boils. The vapour rises up and travels into the side arm which is connected to a condenser. The vapour condenses on the cold surface of the
condenser and runs down to be collected
whats fractional distillation used for
Fractional distillation is used for a mixture of liquids in which the liquids have boiling points which are closer together.
what does the fractional column allow in fractional distillation
The fractionating column allows for better separation as gases formed from liquids in the mixture which have evaporated below their boiling point can condense on the glass beads before they reach the side arm condenser.
