acids, bases and salts Flashcards
whats a acid
a acid is a substance that produces h+ ions when dissolved in water
in acids what does higher the concentration of H+ ions mean for the pH levels
the lower the pH solution
what do strong acids do in water
completely ionise in water
hydrochloric acid etc
what do weak acids do in water
partially ionise in water
ethanol
whats a alkali
a substance that produces OH- ions when dissolved in waterv
in alkalis what does higher the concentration of H+ ions mean for the pH levels
the higher the ph of the solution
what do strong alkalis do in water
completely ionise in water
eg sodium hydroxide etc sulfuric acid nitric acid
what do weak alkalis do in water
only paritially ionise in water
eg ammonia
what does a dilute solution contain
a small number of acid particles per unit volume
what does a concentrated solution contain
a large number of acid partilcles per unit volume
whats the ionic equation for neutralistion
h+{aq} + OH- {aq] = H20 {l}
what are some properties of acids
taste sour
turn blue litmus paper red litmus red
contain hydrogen gas
are neutralised by chemicals called bases
what are alkalis properties
feel soapy
turn red litmus blue keeps blue litmus blue
contain hydroxide ions
what does pH stand for
power of hydrogen
give me examples of strong acids
hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid
give me examples off strong alkalis
sodium hydroxide
potassium hydroxide
give me examples of weak acids
ethanoic acids and citric acid
give me examples of weak alkalis
ammonia
