significance of development and governance in a disasters impact and vulnerability Flashcards
what must resilient communities have
-strong relationship between organisations
-enough volunteers to help
-individuals/ families have the knowledge to prepare and respond to a disaster
physical vulnerability
living in a hazard prone area in buildings that offer little to no protection
environmental vulnerability
when an area has increased risk because of population pressure forcing people into riskier areas e.g. rapid urbanisation, marginal land, geological structures (liquefaction)
knowledge vulnerability
-when people lack education or training and therefore understanding
-when there’s no evacuation or warning systems in place
social vulnerability
-community unable to support the disadvantaged in it e.g. poor and elderly
economic vulnerability
-people risk loosing their jobs, assets and money
example of economic vulnerability
shut air space in japan due to 2011 earthquake led to car chips not being delivered- disruption in production of cars
example of social vulnerability
in Japan- most elderly people died because inability to get to higher land (Tsunami)
how might governance affect vulnerability and resiliance
-most countries have national disaster management strategies e.g. FEMA (federal emergency management agency)
-increases resilience and reduces impacts of disasters (in LIC may be ineffective due to lack of funding and resources)
-low level corruption of local government means building codes are ignored and construction allowed in inappropriate places
reasons swiss cheese model- cumulative causation
-when diff factors line up the losses are greater
-disaster can be linked from a single hazard event combined with cascade of other events
-hazard becomes disaster when the holes line up
governance
the different ways in which governments, the private sector and all individuals in a society organise themselves to manage their common affairs
what does a disaster occur as a result of (swiss cheese model)
coincidental events and processes
how to be most effective in reducing disaster risk
-integrated system approach featuring strong coordination across sectors and a delegation of responsibilities (entrust another person) to the local level
economic governance and what it effects
the decision making processes that affect a countries activities and its relationship with other economies- affects poverty and quality of life
political governance
process of decision making to create policies including disaster reduction and planning on a national, regional, district and local level