how successful is the management of tectonic hazards and disasters Flashcards
enquiry question 3
earthquake trends
no change in the number of earthquake disasters, which varies between 40-50 a year
earthquake death trends
although they are variable, there are fewer deaths than 30-40 years ago
-in 2012 and 2014 there were >1000 however in 2004 and 2010 there were over 200,000
economic trends of earthquakes
-there is an increase in economic loses averaging 20-40 billion a year
haiti vs japan economic, death, magnitude
haiti- killed 230,000, 14 billion dollars, magnitude 7
Japan- killed around 16K, cost 240 billion, magnitude 9
volcanic eruption trends
-much less frequent than eq
-deaths are rare
-numbers affected can be very large as mass evacuation e.g. 350,000 displaced
why may new data be better than older data for graphs and trends in hazards
due to data availability, reporting and evidence its expected that more recent data will be more complete than historical records
overall trend of hazards since 1960
-total number of recorded hazards has increased (advanced technology, education etc)
-number of deaths is falling
why are the number of deaths falling in hazards
-better response management, preparation and in some cases, prediction
example of deaths falling
-since 200, improved mobile communications to warn populations in 2000 there were 70,000 deaths but in 2015 there was 20,000
overall trend of economic costs
-increased significantly
-people who are more affluent have more property to loose
-more developing economies
-emerging economies infrastructure wont withstand
accuracy and reliability evaluation of data recording methods
-immediate focus on response rather than data collection
-no single organisation is responsible for collecting data
-difficult to gather in remote areas
-subject to political bias (trying to cover up bc tourism)
what is happening to the frequency of certain events
meteorological, hydrological and climatological events all increase but geophysical remains stable, no drastic change
