managing hazards (mindmap)

Question 1

what is land use zoning

Answer 1

-when local governments planners regulate how land in a community is used
-protecting both people and property

Question 2

what is an example of land use zoning

Answer 2

-certain type of structures (e.g. nucleur power stations) prohibited
-development in areas of natural protection should be limited

Question 3

example of land use zoning

Answer 3

-Mount Taranaki, new zealand, divided into zones based on likely damage to the area

Question 4

what is GIS mapping

Answer 4

-map which analyses and displays geographically referenced information
-helps manage hazards effectively

Question 5

Example of GIS map

Answer 5

-in nepal, combines info abt earthquake such as
1) the location and rough population sizes
2) the areas affected by the earthquake
3) the location of airports and airstrips

Question 6

how do GIS maps reduce risk

Answer 6

-helps aid agencies identify areas most affected and nearest location where aircrafts/ helicopters can land

Question 7

methods of diverting lava flows

Answer 7

-building barriers
-digging channels

Question 8

why are methods of diverting lava flows not effective

Answer 8

-path taken by lava is hard to predict
-the topography has to be suitable
-stopping lava flow from one community may push it towards another

Question 9

example of diverting lava flows

Answer 9

-In la palma 2021, lava diverting protected key infrastructure and slowing lava movement

Question 10

how do hazard resistant designs modify the event

Answer 10

-the roofs of houses built near volcanoes can be sloped to reduce the amount of ash build up to reduce collapsing under weight
-buildings at risk of a tsunami can be ellevated and anchored
-existing buildings can be retrofitted (modified)

Question 11

what is crisis mapping

Answer 11

-uses crowd sourced info collected by volunteers, satellite imaging, other maps and statistical models to map areas struck by disaster

Question 12

example of crisis mapping

Answer 12

-aftermath of nepal eq
-volunteers riding bicycles with GPS trackers went to remote villages to collect info about number of residents, quality of buildings
-build up picture of vulnerability

Question 13

what is modelling hazard impact

Answer 13

-computer models allow scientists to predict the impacts of hazard events on communities which model the effects of a disaster

Question 14

use of modelling hazard impacts

Answer 14

-allow scientists to compare the effect of different scenarios
-help descision makers develop plants and strategies to reduce impact
- how to use resources effectively

Question 15

what helps education for disasters

Answer 15

-people living in areas affected from a natural hazard
-especially true in areas where governments may not have resources to invest in hazard planning

Question 16

example of local knowledge as a way to reduce risk

Answer 16

-during 2004 indian ocean tsunami
-elders of thailand moken tribe noticed unsual movements in bay of bengal
-warned villagers to run to the hilltop
-only 1 death out of 200

Question 17

community preparedness

Answer 17

-comitte formed to develop plans so effort can be coordinated

Question 18

example of community preparednes

Answer 18

-creating list of vulnerable people
-organising practice evac drills
-provide first aid courses

Question 19

example of eq drills

Answer 19

-in japan, children practice eq drills 4x a year
-disaster prevention day in japan where over 2 mill regularly attend

Question 20

aid and NGO to modify the loss

Answer 20

-during recovery and response stages of hazard management
-help communities cope with personal, social, economic loss

Question 21

-the role of aid doners

Answer 21

-emergancy aid (blankets, water)
-short term (restore water and temporary shelter)
-long term (reconstruct and redevelop economy)

Question 22

example of when NGO helped

Answer 22

-in the 2005 pakistan eq
-mag 7.6
-provided over 500,000 tents, 6 mil blankets and safe water for 700,000 people
-oxfam helped nearly 60,000 people rebuild their livlihoods by providing livestock and animal feed

Question 23

role of insurance in modifying the loss

Answer 23

-in 2011, worldwide loses were 54 billion
-help communities recover from disasters
-in some HIC counteis gov and insurance companies work together