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FA final exam review > Shoulder Girdle > Flashcards

Shoulder Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

what is the purpose of the shoulder girdle?

A
  • Anchor UE to axial skeleton
  • Base for UE movement
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2
Q

what bones are involved in the shoulder girdle?

A

clavicle and scapula

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3
Q

describe the landmarks of the scapula

A
  • acromion process
  • coracoid process
  • glenoid fossa
  • spine
  • borders (med/lat/sup)
  • angles (sup/inf)
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4
Q

describe the landmarks of the clavicle

A
  • sternal end
  • acromial end
  • conoid tubercle
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5
Q

what joint connects the clavicle to the sternum?

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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6
Q

what joint connects the clavicle to the scapula at the acromion process?

A

acromioclavicular joint

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7
Q

describe the function, kind of joint, and the ligaments involved in the sternoclavicular joint

A
  • function: supports the shoulder and allows the clavicle to move in all 3 planes
  • plane or saddle joint
  • ligaments: ant & post sternoclavicular (SC) ligaments
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8
Q

describe the function, the kind of joint, and the ligaments involved in the acromioclavicular joint

A
  • function: supports the shoulder and enables arm movement
  • plane joint
  • ligaments: coracoclavicular ligament, Sup and Inf acromioclavicular (AC) ligaments
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9
Q

what muscles are involved in the shoulder girdle?

A
  • Traps
  • Rhomboids
  • Levator scap
  • Serratus ant
  • Pec minor
  • Subclavius
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10
Q

what is the upper trap origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    Occiput
    Nuchal ligament
    SP C7
  • Insertion:
    Clavicle
    Acromion process
    Spine of the scapula
  • Movement:
    Scap elevation
    Cervical extension, SB-ipsilateral, rotation-contralateral
  • Innervation:
    C3-C4
    Spinal accessory nerve
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11
Q

what is the middle trap origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    SP T1-T5
  • Insertion:
    Clavicle
    Acromion process
    The spine of the scapula
  • Movement:
    Scapular retraction, elevation, upward rotation
  • Innervation:
    C3-C4
    Spinal accessory nerve
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12
Q

what is the lower trap origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    SP T6-T12
  • Insertion:
    The spine of the scapula
  • Movement:
    Scapula depression, upward rotation, and retraction
  • Innervation:
    C3-C4
    Spinal accessory nerve
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13
Q

what is the rhomboids origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    Minor SP C7-T1
    Major SP T2-T5
  • Insertion:
    Medial border of the scapula
  • Movement:
    Scapular retraction, elevation, downward rotation
  • Innervation:
    C5
    Dorsal scapular nerve
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14
Q

what is the levator scapulae origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    TP C1-C4
  • Insertion:
    The superior angle of the scapula
  • Movement:
    Scapular elevation and downward rotation
    Cervical extension, SB ipsilateral, and rotation ipsilateral
  • Innervation:
    C4-C5
    Dorsal scapular nerve
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15
Q

what is the serratus anterior origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    Ribs 1-9 laterally
  • Insertion:
    The medial border of the scapula, anterior/costal
  • Movement:
    Scapular protraction, depression, and upward rotation
  • Innervation:
    C5-C7
    Long thoracic nerve
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16
Q

what is the pectoralis major origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    Ribs 3-5
  • Insertion:
    Coracoid process of the scapula
  • Movement:
    Scapular protraction, depression, downward rotation, and anterior tilt
  • Innervation:
    C8-T1
    Medial pectoral nerve
17
Q

what is the subclavius origin, insertion, movement, and innervation?

A
  • Origin:
    1st rib @ costal cartilage junction
  • Insertion:
    Mid clavicle inferiorly
  • Movement:
    1st rib elevation
    Clavicle stabilization and depression
  • Innervation:
    C5-C6
    Subclavian nerve
18
Q

shoulder girdle movement is equivalent to…

A

scapular movement

19
Q

define protraction

A
  • Abduction
  • Lateral tilt/internal rotation
  • Away from spine
20
Q

define retraction

A
  • Adduction
  • Medial tilt/external rotation
  • Towards spine
21
Q

define upward rotation

A
  • Glenoid fossa points up
  • Inferior angle moves superolaterally
  • Check the glenoid fossa
22
Q

define downward rotation

A
  • Glenoid fossa points down
  • Inferior angle moves inferomedially
  • Check the glenoid fossa
23
Q

define elevation

A
  • upward/superior movement
  • Shoulder shrug
24
Q

define depression

A

downward/inferior movement

25
Q

define anterior tilt

A
  • Superior border moves anteriorinferiorly
  • Inferior angle moves posterosuperiorly
  • Shoulder hyperextension
26
Q

define posterior tilt

A
  • Superior border moves posteriorinferiorly
  • Inferior angle moves anterosuperiorly
  • Shoulder hyperflexion
27
Q

explain the agonists and exercises involved in protraction

A

A: pectoralis minor, serratus anterior
E: push-up, bench press

28
Q

explain the agonists and exercises involved in retraction

A

A: rhomboids, middle traps, lower traps
E: seated row, reverse fly

29
Q

describe the agonists and exercises involved in elevation

A

A: levator scap, rhomboids, upper traps, middle traps
E: shoulder shrug

30
Q

describe the agonists and exercises involved in depression

A

A: lower traps, pec minor
E: prone Y raise

31
Q

describe the agonists and exercises involved in upward rotation

A

A: middle traps, lower traps, serratus anterior
E: overhead shrugs

32
Q

describe the agonists and exercises involved in downward rotation

A

A: rhomboids, pec minor
E: reverse fly

33
Q

what is postural dysfunction?

A
  • Forward head posture
  • Rounded shoulders
  • “hunchback” appearance

Kyphosis: excessive forward rounding of the back

34
Q

what is scapular winging? and what are the causes and symptoms?

A

a condition that causes one or both shoulder blades to stick out from the back instead of lying flat.

Cause: serratus anterior weakness or paralysis

Symptoms:
- difficulty raising UE above shoulder
- pain in neck, shoulders, or back
- discomfort sitting in a chair

FA final exam review (13 decks)

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